{"id":130076,"date":"2019-12-24T03:55:50","date_gmt":"2020-04-21T02:50:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.05921.net\/index.php\/130076\/"},"modified":"2020-04-21T10:50:43","modified_gmt":"2020-04-21T02:50:43","slug":"65a9a60e8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.05921.net\/index.php\/130076\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u751f\u8fc7\u52b3\u4e4b\u6b87\uff1a\u5199\u5728\u540c\u884c\u731d\u6b7b\u4e4b\u540e"},"content":{"rendered":"
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2014 \u5e74\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u5e08\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u57f9\u8bad\uff08\u4e0b\u6587\u7b80\u79f0\u4f4f\u57f9\uff09\u5236\u5ea6\u6b63\u5f0f\u542f\u52a8\u30022017\u5e74\uff0c\u4e13\u79d1\u533b\u5e08\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u57f9\u8bad\uff08\u4e0b\u6587\u7b80\u79f0\u4e13\u57f9\uff09\u5236\u5ea6\u4e5f\u8fdb\u5165\u62df\u5b9e\u65bd\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


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\"\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u751f\u8fc7\u52b3\u4e4b\u6b87\uff1a\u5199\u5728\u540c\u884c\u731d\u6b7b\u4e4b\u540e\"<\/p>\n

\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u5e08\u6b7b\u56e0\u7edf\u8ba1\uff08\u56fe\u6e90\uff1a\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e 1\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u533b\u5b66\u57f9\u8bad\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u521a\u6bd5\u4e1a\u7684\u533b\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u8fdb\u5165\u533b\u9662\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u524d\u51e0\u5e74\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4f4f\u5728\u533b\u9662\u63a5\u53d7\u4f53\u9a8c\u5f0f\u5b66\u4e60\uff08experiential learning\uff09\u2014\u2014\u5de5\u4f5c\u5373\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u5373\u662f\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u800c\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u5e08\uff08resident\uff09\u4e00\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u9057\u7559\u7269\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e74\u8f7b\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u5e08\u80fd\u591f\u9002\u5e94 24 \u5c0f\u65f6\u5f85\u547d\u7684\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u88ab\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u89c6\u4e3a\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u300c\u901a\u8fc7\u4eea\u5f0f\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


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\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e0e\u8fd9\u79cd\u6563\u53d1\u7740\u5e0c\u6ce2\u514b\u62c9\u5e95\u8a93\u8a00\u4e07\u4e08\u5149\u8292\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u4e0e\u671f\u8bb8\u5e76\u5b58\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u533b\u751f\u7684\u8fc7\u52b3\u72b6\u6001\u5bf9\u60a3\u8005\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n


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20 \u4e16\u7eaa 80 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u533b\u7597\u4e8b\u6545\u66fe\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ee5\u53ca\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u6380\u8d77\u4e00\u573a\u9488\u5bf9\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u5e08\u57f9\u8bad\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u5212\u65f6\u4ee3\u300c\u9769\u547d\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


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\u4e00\u573a\u533b\u7597\u4e8b\u6545\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u6539\u9769<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

1986 \u5e74 5 \u6708\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ebd\u7ea6\u533b\u9662\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5e74\u4ec5 18 \u5c81\u7684\u5973\u5927\u5b66\u751f Libby Zion \u56e0\u5fc3\u810f\u505c\u640f\u62a2\u6551\u65e0\u6548\u800c\u4e0d\u5e78\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u4e27\u5973\u4e4b\u75db\u4ee4\u4eba\u690e\u5fc3\u6ce3\u8840\uff0c\u8eab\u4e3a\u5f8b\u5e08\u53ca\u300a\u7ebd\u7ea6\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u64b0\u7a3f\u4eba\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u548c\u5728\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\uff0c\u5c06\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e3a\u5973\u513f Libby \u8fdb\u884c\u8bca\u6cbb\u7684\u4e24\u4f4d\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u5e08\u548c\u6d89\u4e8b\u533b\u9662\u544a\u4e0a\u4e86\u6cd5\u5ead\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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<\/section>\n

\"\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u751f\u8fc7\u52b3\u4e4b\u6b87\uff1a\u5199\u5728\u540c\u884c\u731d\u6b7b\u4e4b\u540e\"<\/p>\n

Libby \u7236\u4eb2\u53d1\u8868\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u90a3\u671f\u300a\u7ebd\u7ea6\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u7248\u5934<\/span><\/section>\n
\uff08\u56fe\u6e90\uff1aThe New York Times Archives\uff09<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/section>\n
\u968f\u7740 Libby \u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u9175\uff0c\u5979\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u51b3\u5b9a\u5229\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u4f18\u52bf\u548c\u6bcd\u4eb2\u5728\u5a92\u4f53\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\uff0c\u5bf9\u533b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u3001\u5b9e\u4e60\u533b\u751f\u548c\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u5e08\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ca\u76d1\u7ba1\u4f53\u5236\u7b49\u8bae\u9898\uff0c\u53d1\u8d77\u4e00\u573a\u53f2\u65e0\u524d\u4f8b\u7684\u9769\u65b0\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u4eec\u8981\u5c06\u5973\u513f\u7684\u4e0d\u5e78\u906d\u9047\uff0c\u8f6c\u53d8\u6210\u4e3a\u8fd9\u573a\u5723\u6218\u7684\u63ed\u5e55\u66f2\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5386\u65f6\u6570\u5e74\u6f2b\u957f\u7684\u6597\u4e89\uff0c\u5728\u5a92\u4f53\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u7b49\u5404\u4e13\u4e1a\u76f8\u5173\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u7ec8\u4e8e\u6210\u529f\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5728 Libby \u79bb\u5f00 3 \u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f 1989 \u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5dde\u7387\u5148\u6b63\u5f0f\u91c7\u7eb3\u4e86\u9650\u5236\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u5e08\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u8be5\u65b9\u6848\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u5e08\u6bcf\u5468\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u5f97\u8d85\u8fc7 80 \u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u8fde\u7eed\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d85\u8fc7 24 \u5c0f\u65f6\uff1b\u6bcf\u5468\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u81f3\u5c11\u8fde\u7eed 24 \u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u4f11\u606f\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u503c\u73ed\u540e\u81f3\u5c11\u4f11\u606f 10 \u5c0f\u65f6\u7b49\u3002\uff08\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5916\u79d1\u4e13\u4e1a\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u514d\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u53c8\u88ab\u79f0\u4f5c\u300c405 \u89c4\u5219\u300d\uff08405 Regulations\uff09\u6216\u300cLibby Zion \u6cd5\u300d\uff08Libby Zion Law\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

2003 \u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\u533b\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u8ba4\u8bc1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08ACGME\uff09\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u5f3a\u5236\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u5e08\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u9650\u5236\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u6570\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cLibby \u7684\u771f\u6b63\u6b7b\u56e0\u7ec8\u4e8e\u771f\u76f8\u5927\u767d\uff1a\u5f53\u503c\u533b\u751f\u7ed9\u4e88\u957f\u671f\u670d\u7528\u6297\u6291\u90c1\u836f\u82ef\u4e59\u80bc\u7684 Libby \u6ce8\u5c04\u4e86\u54cc\u66ff\u5576\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e94\u7f9f\u8272\u80fa\u7efc\u5408\u5f81\uff08\u53c8\u79f0\u8840\u6e05\u7d20\u7efc\u5408\u5f81\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u836f\u7269\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u4e0d\u826f\u53cd\u5e94\uff09\u662f\u5bfc\u81f4\u5fc3\u810f\u505c\u640f\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\u5728 Libby \u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u524d\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u5728\u4e34\u5e8a\u4e0a\u6478\u722c\u6eda\u6253\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u9ad8\u5e74\u8d44\u533b\u751f\uff0c\u4e5f\u9c9c\u6709\u4eba\u77e5\u6653\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u826f\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f53\u65f6\u90a3\u4e24\u4f4d\u4f4e\u5e74\u8d44\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u751f\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u51fa\u73b0\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u7684\u533b\u7597\u5931\u8bef\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5e2d\u5377\u5168\u7403\u7684\u533b\u751f\u798f\u7949\u9769\u65b0<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

Libby \u4e8b\u4ef6\u50cf\u4e00\u573a\u66b4\u98ce\u96e8\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u7403\u71c3\u8d77\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u5486\u54ee\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u5e08\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u6cbf\u5faa\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9053\u8def\u2014\u2014\u533b\u5e08\u7684\u798f\u7949\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u9650\u5236\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u957f\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u6b27\u76df\u4e8e 1998 \u5e74\u7387\u5148\u5b9e\u65bd\u6b27\u6d32\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u6307\u4ee4\uff08EWTD\uff09\uff0c\u8be5\u6307\u4ee4\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u533b\u7597\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u5185\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6b27\u76df\u56fd\u5bb6\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u96c7\u5458\uff0c\u6bcf\u5468\u6700\u957f\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a 48 \u5c0f\u65f6\uff1b\u6bcf\u4e2a 24 \u5c0f\u65f6\u8fde\u7eed\u5de5\u4f5c\u540e\uff0c\u6700\u5c11\u4f11\u606f\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a\u8fde\u7eed 11 \u5c0f\u65f6\uff1b\u6bcf 7 \u5929\u5de5\u4f5c\u671f\u4e2d\u6700\u5c11\u4f11\u606f24\u5c0f\u65f6\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u6267\u884c\u4e0a\uff0c\u5317\u6b27\u5730\u533a\u53ef\u8c13\u662f\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u300c\u6a21\u8303\u751f\u300d\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4e39\u9ea6\u4e00\u76f4\u9075\u5b88 EWTD\uff0c\u8be5\u56fd\u5e74\u8f7b\u533b\u751f\u6bcf\u5468\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a 37 \u5c0f\u65f6\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u8981\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5373\u4fbf\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u300c\u91cd\u5927\u9769\u65b0\u300d\uff0c\u8be5\u56fd\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u5e08\u6bcf\u5468\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u957f\u4ecd\u7136\u957f\u8fbe 80 \u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837 80 \u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5468\u662f\u300c\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u66fe\u7ecf\u88ab\u4efb\u547d\u4e3a\u82f1\u56fd\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u5e08\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u957f\u7814\u7a76\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\u7684 Sir John Temple \u66fe\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e2d\u8fd9\u6837\u5632\u8bbd\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\uff1a\u300c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u7a7a\u519b\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7a7a\u519b\u5728 1943 \u5e74\u548c 1944 \u5e74\u8f70\u70b8\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u9ad8\u5cf0\u671f\uff0c\u5236\u9020\u98de\u673a\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u6bcf\u5468\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e5f\u4ec5\u4ec5\u589e\u52a0\u5230 72 \u5c0f\u65f6\uff01\u300d<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e9a\u6d32\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee5\u8fc7\u52b3\u6b7b\u800c\u300c\u8457\u540d\u300d\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u89c2\u5ff5\u4e0b\u7684\u533b\u5e08\u8fc7\u52b3\u51e0\u4e4e\u6210\u4e86\u7406\u6240\u5f53\u7136\u822c\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u800c\u7531\u4e8e\u8fc7\u52b3\u72b6\u6001\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u533b\u5e08\u81ea\u6740\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7edd\u4e8e\u8033\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b27\u76df\u7387\u5148\u5b9e\u65bd EWTD\u3001\u8981\u6c42\u533b\u751f\u6bcf\u5468\u4e0d\u80fd\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d85\u8fc7 48 \u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5173\u897f\u533b\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\u9644\u5c5e\u533b\u9662\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u751f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u6708\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u957f\u8fbe 300 \u5c0f\u65f6\uff08\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u5468 60\uff5e75 \u5c0f\u65f6\uff09\u800c\u5728\u5bbf\u820d\u4e2d\u731d\u6b7b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u60b2\u5267\u53d1\u751f\u540e\uff0c\u5bb6\u5c5e\u5411\u65e5\u672c\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u5bf9\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u6240\u5728\u533b\u9662\u63d0\u8d77\u8bc9\u8bbc\u3002\u6cd5\u9662\u5224\u5b9a\uff0c\u533b\u9662\u786e\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u8fdd\u6cd5\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u9700\u652f\u4ed8\u5bb6\u5c5e 8400 \u4e07\u65e5\u5143\u8d54\u507f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\"\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u751f\u8fc7\u52b3\u4e4b\u6b87\uff1a\u5199\u5728\u540c\u884c\u731d\u6b7b\u4e4b\u540e\"<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\u8bb0\u5f55\u622a\u56fe<\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u56fe\u6e90\uff1a<\/span>https:\/\/saiban.in\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u53f8\u6cd5\u5224\u51b3\u8ba4\u5b9a\u300c\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u5e08\u53d7\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u4fdd\u62a4\u300d\uff0c<\/span><\/strong>\u533b\u751f\u540c\u6837\u9700\u8981\u9075\u5b88\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u8fc7\u52b3\u6b7b\u98ce\u9669\u503c\uff0c\u5373\u6bcf\u5468\u5e73\u5747\u5de5\u65f6\u8d85\u8fc7 60 \u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u8fc7\u52b3\u6b7b\u7684\u5371\u9669\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u6b64\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u533b\u9662\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u91cd\u65b0\u5f00\u59cb\u8c03\u6574\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u5e08\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u5e08\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u548c\u5f85\u9047\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u7684\u6539\u5584\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u4e5f\u8bb8\u6709\u4eba\u4f1a\u95ee\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u591a\u957f\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5373\u4fdd\u8bc1\u533b\u751f\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u6743\u76ca\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u5145\u5206\u800c\u4f18\u8d28\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u5b66\u4e60\u8ba1\u5212\uff1f<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u533b\u5b66\u662f\u4e00\u95e8\u9700\u8981\u533b\u52a1\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u4e0d\u65ad\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u8fdb\u6b65\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7f29\u77ed\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u957f\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u533b\u751f\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u673a\u4f1a\uff1f<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5982\u4f55\u5bfb\u627e\u9c7c\u4e0e\u718a\u638c\u517c\u5f97\u7684\u533b\u751f\u57f9\u8bad\u673a\u5236\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u523b\u677f\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u957f\uff0c\u4ece\u6765\u4e0d\u662f\u8861\u91cf\u6548\u679c\u7684\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u8981\u8bc4\u4f30\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u5e08\u4e34\u5e8a\u57f9\u8bad\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d3b\u751f\u751f\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u5728\u6bcf\u5468\u5de5\u4f5c 37 \u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u4e39\u9ea6\u4e0e\u6bcf\u5468\u5de5\u4f5c 80 \u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u5e08\u7684\u57f9\u8bad\u8d28\u91cf\u771f\u7684\u5c31\u4f1a\u5929\u5dee\u5730\u522b\u5417\uff1f\u8fd9 43 \u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7f3a\u53e3\uff0c\u5230\u5e95\u635f\u5931\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\uff1f<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

2016 \u5e74\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u533b\u7597\u670d\u52a1\u4f53\u7cfb\uff08NHS\uff09\u5df2\u7ecf\u660e\u786e\u63d0\u51fa\u300c48 \u5c0f\u65f6\u5185\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u57f9\u8bad\u300d\uff0c\u4f46\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u5c06\u533b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u300c\u6bcf\u65f6\u6bcf\u523b\u90fd\u8ba1\u7b97\u5728\u5185\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u663e\u7740\u7f29\u77ed\u57f9\u8bad\u533b\u751f\u6240\u9700\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u57f9\u8bad\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u6539\u53d8<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u4f7f\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u5e08\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u5e08\u90fd\u8981\u82b1\u5f88\u591a\u65f6\u95f4\u5728\u533b\u9662\u505a\u4e9b\u6559\u80b2\u4ef7\u503c\u5f88\u4f4e\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u6216\u884c\u653f\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u62bd\u8840\u3001\u6362\u836f\u3001\u62ff\u62a5\u544a\u3001\u4e3a\u4e0a\u7ea7\u533b\u5e08\u8dd1\u817f\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

\u5728\u65e5\u5267\u300aX \u533b\u751f\uff1a\u5927\u95e8\u672a\u77e5\u5b50\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3b\u89d2\u5927\u95e8\u533b\u751f\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u548c\u533b\u9662\u7b7e\u7f72\u7684\u5408\u540c\u4e66\u4e2d\u90fd\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u6ce8\u660e\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u8981\u6c42\u300c\u4e0d\u53c2\u4e0e\u4efb\u4f55\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u533b\u5e08\u6267\u7167\u4e5f\u80fd\u505a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\"\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u751f\u8fc7\u52b3\u4e4b\u6b87\uff1a\u5199\u5728\u540c\u884c\u731d\u6b7b\u4e4b\u540e\"<\/p>\n

\u65e5\u5267\u300aX \u533b\u751f\uff1a<\/span>\u5927\u95e8\u672a\u77e5\u5b50\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u5b63\u622a\u56fe<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u5408\u7406\u5236\u5b9a\u57f9\u8bad\u8ba1\u5212\u548c\u76d1\u7ba1\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u5c11\u6570\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u90e8\u95e8\uff08\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5728\u5317\u6b27\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u4f18\u5316\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u5e08\u57f9\u8bad\u5236\u5ea6\u65b9\u9762\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4ee4\u4eba\u7fa1\u6155\u7684\u6210\u529f\u3002 <\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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85.87% \u7684\u533b\u751f\u6bcf\u5468\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u5927\u4e8e 40 \u5c0f\u65f6<\/span><\/section>\n
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<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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<\/span><\/section>\n
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<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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<\/span><\/section>\n
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<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

\u66f4\u591a\u76f8\u5173\u5185\u5bb9<\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

\n
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\u6b22\u8fce\u5411\u6295\u7a3f\uff01<\/span><\/section>\n


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\u597d\u6587\u4e0d\u6015\u8d35\uff0c\u820d\u5f97\u7ed9\u7a3f\u8d39<\/span><\/strong>
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\u6295\u7a3f\u90ae\u7bb1\uff1a<\/span>tougao@dxy.cn<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
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<\/p>\n

\"\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u751f\u8fc7\u52b3\u4e4b\u6b87\uff1a\u5199\u5728\u540c\u884c\u731d\u6b7b\u4e4b\u540e\"<\/section>\n
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\u9898\u56fe\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u56fe\u866b\u521b\u610f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\uff08\u5411\u4e0b\u6ed1\u52a8\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

1.Causes of Death of Residents in ACGME-Accredited Programs 2000 Through 2014: Implications for the Learning Environment Nicholas A. Yaghmour, Timothy P. Brigham, Thomas Richter, Rebecca S. Miller, Ingrid Philibert, DeWitt C. Baldwin, Jr, Thomas J. Nasca Acad Med. 2017 Jul; 92(7): 976\u2013983. <\/span><\/p>\n

2.Philibert I, Friedman P, Williams WT, et al. New requirements for resident duty hours. JAMA. 2002;288(9):1112\u20131114.<\/span><\/p>\n

3.Asch DA1, Parker RM. The Libby Zion case. One step forward or two steps backward? N Engl J Med. 1988 Mar 24;318(12):771-5.<\/span><\/p>\n

4.UK Department of Health: What is the European Working Time Directive? 2009 [http:\/\/webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk\/+\/www.dh.gov.uk\/en\/ Managingyourorganisation\/Workforce\/Workforceplanninganddevelopment\/ Europeanworkingtimedirective\/DH_077304].<\/span><\/p>\n

5.Temple J: Resident duty hours around the globe: where are we now? BMC Medical Education 2014, 14(Suppl 1):S8.<\/span><\/p>\n

6.https:\/\/hanrei.saiban.in\/d\/18776<\/span><\/p>\n

7.Lambert TW, Smith F, Goldacre MJ. The impact of the European Working Time Directive 10 years on: views of the UK medical graduates of 2002 surveyed in 2013-2014. JRSM Open. 2016;7(3).<\/span><\/p>\n

8.https:\/\/www.idealmedicalcare.org\/1103-doctor-suicides-13-reasons-why\/<\/span><\/p>\n

9.\u5d14\u6c38 \u738b\u5929\u4f51. \u4ece\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u751f\u57f9\u8bad\u770b\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u5e08\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u57f9\u8bad\u7684\u6311\u6218\u548c\u65b9\u5411. Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi. 2016 Jun 20; 19(6): 321\u2013327. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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