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       \u8054\u7cfb\u4eba\uff1a\u5b59\u5143\u670b
       \u7535\u8bdd\uff1a 8524-2656
       \u90ae\u7bb1\uff1a sunyp@cde.org.cn<\/span><\/p>\n

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6\u3001\u8fc7\u91cf\u6295\u6599\uff08<\/span>overage<\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/span>\uff1a<\/span>\u5efa\u8bae\u53c2\u8003<\/span><\/span>ICH Q8<\/span>\u76f8\u5173\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u751f\u4ea7\u5de5\u827a<\/span><\/p>\n

1\u3001\u5de5\u827a\u7814\u7a76<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8f6f\u818f\u5242\u3001\u51dd\u80f6\u5242\uff0c\u9700\u6ce8\u610f\u5bf9<\/span>\u539f\u6599\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\u5de5\u827a<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u5fae\u7c89\u5316\u5904\u7406\uff09\u3001\u52a0\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ca\u5206\u6563\u624b\u6bb5<\/span>\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u9700\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4eff\u5236\u836f\u4e0e\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u4e2d\u836f\u7269\u6676\u578b\u3001\u7c92\u5ea6\u53ca\u7c92\u5ea6\u5206\u5e03\u3001\u542b\u91cf\u5747\u5300\u6027\u7b49\u5173\u952e\u8d28\u91cf\u6307\u6807\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e73\u818f\u5242\u3001\u4e73\u5242\uff0c\u9700\u5bf9<\/span>\u7269\u6599\u52a0\u5165\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u3001\u6eb6\u89e3\u6e29\u5ea6\u3001\u526a\u5207\u901f\u5ea6\u53ca\u65f6\u95f4<\/span>\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u5de5\u827a\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u4ea7\u54c1\u8d28\u91cf\u4ea7\u751f\u8f83\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

2\u3001<\/span><\/span>\u5de5\u827a\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08<\/span>1\uff09\u5de5\u827a<\/span><\/span>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5185\u5bb9<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5e94\u81f3\u5c11\u5305\u542b\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30<\/span>\uff1b<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5de5\u827a\u6b65\u9aa4\u5408\u7406\u6027\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30<\/span>\uff1b<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5de5\u827a\u6761\u4ef6<\/span>\/\u5de5\u827a\u53c2\u6570\u53ca\u5de5\u827a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u786e\u8ba4<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff1b<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5173\u952e\u5de5\u827a\u6b65\u9aa4\u53ca\u5de5\u827a\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u786e\u8ba4<\/span>\uff1b<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f53\u4ea7\u54c1\u3001\u6210\u54c1\u8d28\u63a7\u9879\u76ee\u3001\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ca\u8d28\u63a7\u9650\u5ea6\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027\u5206\u6790<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08<\/span>2\uff09<\/span><\/span>\u63d0\u4ea4\u8d44\u6599<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5e94\u81f3\u5c11\u63d0\u4f9b<\/span>\u5de5\u827a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u6848\u548c\u6279\u751f\u4ea7\u8bb0\u5f55<\/span>\u6837\u7a3f\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u4ea4<\/span>\u4e0a\u5e02\u540e\u5bf9\u524d\u4e09\u6279\u5546\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u6279\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u627f\u8bfa\u4e66<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

3\u3001\u6279\u91cf<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u518c\u6279\u6837\u54c1\u5e94\u5728\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u751f\u4ea7\u7ebf\u4e0a\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u6279\u91cf\u5e94\u7b26\u5408\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8981\u6c42\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5916\u7528\u6eb6\u6db2\u5242\uff1a<\/span>3\u6279\u6ce8\u518c\u6279\u6837\u54c1\u4e2d\u81f3\u5c11\u6709<\/span>2\u6279<\/span><\/span>\u6ee1\u8db3\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8981\u6c42\uff1a\uff08<\/span>1<\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/span>\u62df\u7533\u62a5\u6700\u5927\u5546\u4e1a\u6279\u91cf\u7684<\/span>10%<\/span>\uff0c\u6216\uff08<\/span>2<\/span>\uff09\u5bf9\u4e8e\u88c5\u91cf\u4e3a<\/span>2ml<\/span>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\uff0c\u6279\u91cf\u81f3\u5c11\u4e3a<\/span><\/span>50L<\/span>\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u88c5\u91cf\u4e3a<\/span>2ml<\/span>\u53ca<\/span>2ml<\/span>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\uff0c\u6279\u91cf\u81f3\u5c11\u4e3a<\/span><\/span>30L<\/span>\u3002\u5982<\/span>\u540c\u65f6\u7b26\u5408\uff08<\/span>1\uff09\u548c\uff08<\/span>2<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u5e94\u9009\u62e9\u5176\u4e2d\u6279\u91cf\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u3002\u7b2c<\/span>3<\/span>\u6279\u6837\u54c1\u6279\u91cf<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e0d\u5f97\u4f4e\u4e8e\u6ce8\u518c\u6279\u6700\u5927\u6279\u91cf\u7684<\/span>25%<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e73\u818f\u5242<\/span>\/\u8f6f\u818f\u5242<\/span>\/<\/span>\u51dd\u80f6\u5242\uff1a\u6ce8\u518c\u6279\u4e09\u6279\u5747\u5e94\u81f3\u5c11\u8fbe\u5230<\/span>100kg<\/span><\/span>\/<\/span>\u6279\u6216\u8005\u62df\u5b9a\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u751f\u4ea7\u89c4\u6a21\u7684<\/span>10%<\/span>\uff08<\/span>\u4e24\u8005\u4e2d\u9009\u66f4\u591a\u7684<\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7279\u6b8a\u539f\u56e0\uff08\u5546\u4e1a\u56e0\u7d20\u9664\u5916\uff09\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0a\u8ff0\u57fa\u672c\u8981\u6c42\u7684\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>\u5728<\/span>\u7533\u62a5\u524d\u4e0e\u76d1\u7ba1\u673a\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u6c9f\u901a\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e03<\/span>\u3001\u539f\u8f85\u5305\u8d28\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u6280\u672f\u8981\u6c42<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u539f\u6599\u836f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5236\u5242\u751f\u4ea7\u5546\u9700\u7ed3\u5408\u539f\u6599\u836f\u751f\u4ea7\u5de5\u827a\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u73b0\u6709\u6307\u5bfc\u539f\u5219\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u542b\u56fd\u5bb6\u5c40<\/span>2008\u5e74<\/span>7<\/span>\u53f7\u6587\uff09\u3001\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u836f\u5178\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5bf9\u539f\u6599\u836f\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u5145\u5206\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u5e94\u4e0d\u4f4e\u4e8e\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u73b0\u884c\u7248\u836f\u5178\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u539f\u6599\u836f\u4ee5\u6df7\u60ac\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5236\u5242\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e2d\u7684\u836f\u7269\uff0c\u5e94\u5bf9\u5176<\/span>\u6676\u578b\u3001\u7c92\u5ea6\u5206\u5e03<\/span>\u7b49\u52a0\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u53ca\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u8f85\u6599<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8f85\u6599\u5e94\u7b26\u5408\u73b0\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\u56fd\u836f\u5178\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u836f\u5178\u672a\u6536\u8f7d\u7684\u8f85\u6599\u53ef\u6309<\/span>\u7f8e\u3001\u6b27\u3001\u65e5<\/span>\u7b49\u836f\u5178\u6807\u51c6\u52a0\u4ee5\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u836f\u5178\u5747\u672a\u6536\u8f7d\u7684\u5916\u7528\u836f\u8f85\u6599\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u5316\u5986\u54c1\u3001\u98df\u54c1\u6807\u51c6\u5236\u5b9a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u7b26\u5408\u5f53\u524d\u7248\u4e2d\u56fd\u836f\u5178\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u836f\u7528\u5185\u63a7\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e9b\u5927\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7b49<\/span>\u5173\u952e\u6027\u8f85\u6599<\/span>\uff0c\u5e94\u7ed3\u5408\u5176<\/span>\u4fee\u9970\u57fa\u56e2\u79cd\u7c7b\u3001\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u805a\u5408\u5ea6\u3001\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u5206\u5e03\u7b49\u7279\u6027\u6307\u6807\u52a0\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236<\/span>\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5bf9\u6279\u6b21\u3001\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u7b49\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u4e5f\u5e94\u4e88\u4ee5\u5173\u6ce8\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e09<\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u5305\u6750<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u76f4\u63a5\u63a5\u89e6\u836f\u54c1\u7684\u5305\u88c5\u6750\u6599\u548c\u5bb9\u5668\u5e94\u7b26\u5408\u603b\u5c40\u9881\u5e03\u7684\u5305\u6750\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6839\u636e\u4ea7\u54c1\u7279\u70b9\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5305\u88c5\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5e76<\/span>\u6839\u636e\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u7d20\u8bd5\u9a8c\u3001\u52a0\u901f\u8bd5\u9a8c\u548c\u957f\u671f\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u786e\u5b9a\u6240\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u5305\u88c5\u6750\u6599\u548c\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\uff0c\u6240\u9009\u62e9<\/span>\u5185\u5305\u6750\u5bf9\u4ea7\u54c1\u8d28\u91cf\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5e94\u4e0d\u5f97\u4f4e\u4e8e\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u6240\u7528\u5305\u6750<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u610f\u6839\u636e\u4ea7\u54c1\u7279\u6027\u548c<\/span>\u4e34\u5e8a\u9700\u6c42<\/span>\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5305\u6750\u5c3a\u5bf8\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u56db\uff09<\/span>\u539f\u8f85\u5305\u7684\u5173\u8054\u5ba1\u8bc4<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5236\u5242\u751f\u4ea7\u5546\u6240\u7528\u7684\u539f\u6599\u836f\u3001\u8f85\u6599\u53ca\u5305\u6750\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u6309\u7167\u56fd\u5bb6\u836f\u76d1\u5c40\u5173\u4e8e\u539f\u6599\u836f\u3001\u8f85\u6599\u53ca\u5305\u6750\u5ba1\u8bc4\u5ba1\u6279\u6709\u5173\u4e8b\u9879\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u516c\u544a\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5728\u767b\u8bb0\u5e73\u53f0\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5173\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u63d0\u4ea4\uff0c\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6<\/span>\u767b\u8bb0\u53f7<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u516b<\/span>\u3001\u8d28\u91cf\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u63a7\u5236\u6280\u672f\u8981\u6c42<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u5e94\u6839\u636e<\/span>\u4ea7\u54c1\u7279\u6027<\/span>\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u6280\u672f\u6307\u5bfc\u539f\u5219\u79d1\u5b66\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8bd5\u9a8c\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5145\u5206\u7684\u8bd5\u9a8c\u8d44\u6599\u4e0e\u6587\u732e\u8d44\u6599\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u6839\u636e\u76ee\u6807\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u6982\u51b5\uff08<\/span>QTPP\uff09\u786e\u7acb<\/span><\/span>\u5236\u5242\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8d28\u91cf\u5c5e\u6027\uff08<\/span>CQA\uff09<\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u76ae\u80a4\u5916\u7528<\/span>\u5236\u5242\u7684<\/span>CQA<\/span>\u4e00\u822c\u5305\u62ec\u4f46\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7814\u7a76\uff1a<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span>\u81f3\u5c11\u4e09\u6279\u53d7\u8bd5\u5236\u5242\u548c\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u7684\uff09\u5916\u89c2\u3001\u6df7\u60ac\u836f\u7269\u7684\u591a\u6676\u578b\u5f62\u5f0f\u3001\u663e\u5fae\u5206\u6790\u6db2\u6ef4\u7c92\u5f84\uff08<\/span>globule size\uff09\u3001\u6d41\u53d8\u7279\u6027\u3001pH\u503c<\/span>\u3001\u9ecf\u5ea6<\/span>\/<\/span>\u9525\u5165\u5ea6\u3001\u7c92\u5ea6\u3001\u542b\u91cf\u5747\u5300\u5ea6\u3001\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u9650\u5ea6\u3001\u6709\u5173\u7269\u8d28\u3001\u6291\u83cc\u5242\u542b\u91cf\u53ca\u6297\u6c27\u5242\u542b\u91cf\u3001\u65e0\u83cc\uff08\u7528\u4e8e\u70e7\u4f24\uff08\u9664\u8f7b\u5ea6<\/span>I\u00b0\u6216<\/span>II\u00b0\u5916\uff09\u6216\u4e25\u91cd\u521b\u4f24\u7684\u65e0\u83cc\u5236\u5242\uff09\u7b49<\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5916\u7528\u836f\u7684\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u8bd5\u9a8c\u548c<\/span>\/\u6216\u4f53\u5916\u900f\u76ae\u8bd5\u9a8c\uff08\u53d7\u8bd5\u5236\u5242\u548c\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u5747\u81f3\u5c11\u4e00\u6279\u6837\u54c1\uff09\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7814\u7a76\u8d44\u6599<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

1\u3001<\/span><\/span>\u6676\u578b<\/span><\/p>\n

\u539f\u6599<\/span>\u836f<\/span>\u7684<\/span>\u6676\u578b\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u836f\u7269\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5bf9<\/span>\u5236\u5242<\/span>\u7684\u5236\u5907<\/span>\u3001<\/span>\u91ca\u653e<\/span>\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/span>\u5747\u6709\u7740\u663e\u8457\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span>\u5e94<\/span>\u5bf9<\/span>\u4eff\u5236\u54c1<\/span>\u7684\u6676\u578b\u3001<\/span>\u5236\u5907\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c<\/span>\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7814\u7a76<\/span>\u4e2d\u7684<\/span>\u8f6c\u6676\u73b0\u8c61<\/span>\u52a0\u4ee5\u6df1\u5165<\/span>\u7814\u7a76<\/span>\uff0c<\/span>\u4ee5<\/span>\u9610\u660e<\/span>\u6676\u578b\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u836f\u7269\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u6709\u6548\u6027\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2\u3001<\/span><\/span>\u7c92\u5ea6\u5206\u5e03<\/span>\u548c\u6db2\u6ef4<\/span>\u7c92\u5f84<\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span>globule size\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\u836f\u7269<\/span>\u5728<\/span>\u6df7\u60ac<\/span>\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b<\/span>\uff0c<\/span>\u7c92\u5f84\u53ca\u5176\u5206\u5e03<\/span>\u5bf9\u836f\u7269\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u3001\u91ca\u653e\u901f\u7387<\/span>\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a<\/span>\u6709<\/span>\u8f83<\/span>\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span>\u5efa\u8bae\u6309<\/span>\u4e2d\u56fd\u836f\u5178\u56db\u90e8\u901a\u5219<\/span>0109\u9879\u4e0b<\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span>\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u5305\u62ec\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u3001\u7535\u955c\u7b49<\/span>\u5408\u9002<\/span>\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e0e\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242<\/span>\u7684<\/span>\u7c92\u5ea6\u5927\u5c0f\u53ca\u5206\u5e03\u8fdb\u884c<\/span>\u6bd4\u8f83<\/span>\uff0c\u5e76<\/span>\u5728<\/span>\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/span>\u7814\u7a76<\/span>\u4e2d<\/span>\u8003\u5bdf<\/span>\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e73\u818f\u5242\u3001\u4e73\u5242\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e3a\u5305\u542b\u6cb9<\/span>\/<\/span>\u6c34\u4e24\u76f8\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u5236\u5242\u7684\u6db2\u6ef4<\/span>\u7c92\u5f84\uff08<\/span>globule size\uff09\u548c\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u7279\u6027\u7b49\u6307\u6807<\/span>\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5904\u65b9\u5de5\u827a\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u836f\u7269\u7684\u91ca\u653e\u6548\u679c\u548c\u4e34\u5e8a\u7597\u6548\u3002<\/span><\/span>\u5efa\u8bae\u5bf9\u4eff\u5236\u54c1\u4e0e\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u7684\u6db2\u6ef4\u7c92\u5f84\u548c\u6d41\u53d8\u7279\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u5168\u9762\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7814\u7a76\uff08\u526a\u5207\u5e94\u529b\u4e0e\u526a\u5207\u901f\u7387\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6d41\u52a8\u66f2\u7ebf\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u51fa\u4f4e\u6216\u9ad8\u526a\u5207\u5e94\u529b\u6216\u901f\u7387\uff1b\u5982\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7269\u6599\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5851\u6027\u6d41\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5219\u5e94\u62a5\u544a\u5c48\u670d\u5e94\u529b\u503c\uff1b\u68c0\u6d4b\u5e76\u62a5\u544a\u7ebf\u6027\u7c98\u5f39\u6027\u54cd\u5e94\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u8003\u5bdf\u6db2\u6ef4\u7c92\u5f84\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u8d8b\u52bf<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

3\u3001<\/span><\/span>\u9ecf\u5ea6\u6216\u9525\u5165\u5ea6<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6309<\/span>\u4e2d\u56fd\u836f\u5178<\/span>\u901a\u5219<\/span>\u8981\u6c42\uff0c<\/span>\u5e94<\/span>\u5bf9\u4eff\u5236\u54c1\u4e0e\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u7684\u9ecf\u5ea6\u6216\u9525\u5165\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4\u3001<\/span><\/span>\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u8bd5\u9a8c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5916\u7528\u836f\u7269\u5728<\/span>\u4f53\u5916<\/span>\u5c40\u90e8<\/span>\u91ca\u653e<\/span>\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u548c<\/span>\u901f<\/span>\u5ea6<\/span>\u662f<\/span>\u5236\u5242<\/span>\u6027<\/span>\u80fd<\/span>\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u4f53\u73b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec<\/span>\u539f\u6599\u836f<\/span>\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6<\/span>\u3001<\/span>\u7c92\u5f84\u4ee5\u53ca<\/span>\u534a\u56fa\u4f53\u5236\u5242<\/span>\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u6027<\/span>\u7b49<\/span>\uff0c<\/span>\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e<\/span>\u5916\u7528\u5236\u5242\u7684\u836f\u5b66\u8d28\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\uff0c<\/span>\u4e5f<\/span>\u53ef<\/span>\u7528\u4e8e<\/span>\u836f\u54c1\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5904\u65b9\u5de5\u827a<\/span>\u7684\u7b5b\u9009\u7814\u7a76<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u8bd5\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53ef<\/span>\u53c2\u89c1\u9644\u4ef6<\/span>1\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5e94<\/span>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u8bd5\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53ca\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8d44\u6599\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4eff\u5236\u836f\u4e0e\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u8fdb\u884c\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u5ea6\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7814\u7a76<\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

5\u3001<\/span><\/span>\u4f53\u5916\u900f\u76ae\u8bd5\u9a8c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f53\u5916\u900f\u76ae\u8bd5\u9a8c\uff0c<\/span>\u5176\u8bbe\u8ba1\u521d\u8877<\/span>\u662f<\/span>\u4e3a\u4e86<\/span>\u6a21\u62df<\/span>\u5916\u7528\u836f\u7269\u5728\u751f\u7406<\/span>\u6761\u4ef6<\/span>\u4e0b\u7684\u900f\u76ae<\/span>\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c<\/span>\u4ee5<\/span>\u90e8\u5206<\/span>\u5730\u53cd\u6620<\/span>\u5916\u7528\u5236\u5242\u7684<\/span>\u8d28\u91cf<\/span>\u4e0e<\/span>\u4e34\u5e8a\u6cbb\u7597\u7684<\/span>\u6709\u6548\u6027<\/span>\u3002<\/span>\u4e0e\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5dee\u5f02<\/span>\u5728\u4e8e\u6d4b\u5b9a\u88c5\u7f6e\u4e2d<\/span>\u7528\u4eba\u4f53\u6216\u52a8\u7269<\/span>\u7684<\/span>\u79bb\u4f53\u76ae\u80a4\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u819c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f53\u5916\u6e17\u900f\u8bd5\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53ef<\/span>\u53c2\u89c1\u9644\u4ef6<\/span>2\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5e94<\/span>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4f53\u5916\u6e17\u900f\u8bd5\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53ca\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8d44\u6599\u3002\u5728\u5176\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4eff\u5236\u836f\u4e0e\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u8fdb\u884c\u76ae\u80a4\u900f\u8fc7\u7387\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7814\u7a76<\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

6<\/span>\u3001<\/span><\/span>\u5728\u4f53\u900f\u76ae\u8bd5\u9a8c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u4f53<\/span>\u900f\u76ae\u8bd5\u9a8c\uff0c<\/span>\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c<\/span>\u52a8\u6001<\/span>\u5730<\/span>\u6d4b\u91cf\u76ae\u80a4\u7ed9\u836f\u540e<\/span>\u4e00\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u5185<\/span>\u836f\u7269\u900f\u8fc7\u76ae\u80a4\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u548c<\/span>\u836f\u7269\u7684<\/span>\u91cf<\/span>\u3002\u8be5\u8bd5\u9a8c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d4b\u5b9a<\/span>\u836f\u7269\u900f\u8fc7\u76ae\u80a4\u7684\u771f\u5b9e<\/span>\u751f\u7406<\/span>\u6548\u679c<\/span>\u3002\u7ecf\u8c03\u7814\uff0c<\/span>\u76ee\u524d<\/span>\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u5747\u5904\u4e8e<\/span>\u63a2\u7d22\u6027\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210<\/span>\u5236\u836f\u5de5\u4e1a<\/span>\u754c<\/span>\u666e\u904d\u63a5\u53d7\u7684<\/span>\u89c4\u8303\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6807\u51c6<\/span>\u3002\u7533\u8bf7\u4eba\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5c1d\u8bd5<\/span>\u6027\u5730\u5f00\u5c55<\/span>\u524d\u77bb\u6027<\/span>\u7814\u7a76<\/span>\uff0c<\/span>\u4ee5\u4f50\u8bc1\u836f\u7269\u7684<\/span>\u4e34\u5e8a<\/span>\u7597\u6548\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

7<\/span>\u3001<\/span><\/span>\u6709\u5173\u7269\u8d28<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5e94<\/span>\u6839\u636e\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684<\/span>\u8d28\u91cf<\/span>\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u76f8\u5173\u6280\u672f\u6307\u5bfc\u539f\u5219\u4ee5\u53ca\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u836f\u5178\u7684\u6536\u8f7d\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5408\u7406\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6709\u5173\u7269\u8d28<\/span>\u7684<\/span>\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76<\/span>\u63d0\u4f9b<\/span>\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b66\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/span>\u8d44\u6599<\/span>\u3002<\/span>\u5e76\u6309<\/span>\u76f8\u5173\u6280\u672f\u6307\u5bfc\u539f\u5219<\/span>\u7684<\/span>\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u53c2\u8003\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u7684<\/span>\u5b9e\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c<\/span>\u548c\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u836f\u5178\u6536\u8f7d\u7684\u6742\u8d28<\/span>\u6307\u6807<\/span>\uff0c\u5236\u5b9a\u5408\u7406\u7684\u6709\u5173\u7269\u8d28\u9650\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u964d\u89e3\u4ea7\u7269<\/span>\uff1a\u5e94\u91cd\u70b9\u5bf9\u4e3b\u836f\u964d\u89e3\u9014\u5f84\u548c\u964d\u89e3<\/span>\u4ea7\u7269\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u539f\u6599\u836f\u4e0e\u8f85\u6599\u548c<\/span>\/\u6216\u5185\u5305\u6750\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u4ea7\u7269\u3002\u539f\u6599\u836f<\/span><\/span>\u7684\u5de5\u827a\u6742\u8d28\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u9700\u5728\u5236\u5242\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u6d4b\u6216\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5f02\u6784\u4f53<\/span>\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b58\u5728\u7acb\u4f53\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\u548c\u624b\u6027\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\u7b49\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5e94\u6839\u636e\u4e3b\u836f\u7684\u964d\u89e3\u9014\u5f84\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u5de5\u827a\u7b49\u7814\u7a76\u79ef\u7d2f\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8ba2\u5165\u6807\u51c6\u52a0\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9057\u4f20\u6bd2\u6027\u6742\u8d28<\/span>\uff1a\u5e94\u7ed3\u5408\u836f\u7269\u7684\u5438\u6536\u9014\u5f84\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u732e\u3001\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u751f\u4ea7\u5de5\u827a\u3001\u4ea7\u54c1\u964d\u89e3\u9014\u5f84\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5224\u65ad\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u6bd2\u6027\u6742\u8d28\u5bf9\u836f\u54c1\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u9700\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u53c2\u8003\u76f8\u5173\u6280\u672f\u6307\u5bfc\u539f\u5219\u52a0\u4ee5\u5408\u7406\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

7\u3001<\/span><\/span>\u65e0\u83cc<\/span>\u8981\u6c42<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5bf9<\/span>\u4e34\u5e8a<\/span>\u4e0a\u6709<\/span>\u65e0\u83cc\u9700\u6c42\u7684<\/span>\u5916\u7528<\/span>\u5236\u5242\uff0c<\/span>\u5e94\u7ed3\u5408\u4e34\u5e8a\u5bf9<\/span>\u65e0\u83cc\u4fdd\u969c\u7a0b\u5ea6<\/span>\u7ea7\u522b<\/span>\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c<\/span>\u5728<\/span>\u539f\u8f85\u6599<\/span>\u63a7\u5236\u6807\u51c6<\/span>\u3001\u65e0\u83cc<\/span>\u751f\u4ea7<\/span>\u5de5\u827a<\/span>\u3001\u4e0e\u836f\u54c1<\/span>\u76f4\u63a5\u63a5\u89e6\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u53ca\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3001\u5305\u6750\u5bc6\u5c01<\/span>\u5bb9\u5668<\/span>\u7684\u706d\u83cc\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/span>\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u548c<\/span>\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5e76<\/span>\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b8c\u6574<\/span>\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/span>\u8d44\u6599\u3002\u5728\u8d28\u91cf<\/span>\u6807\u51c6<\/span>\u4e2d\u5e94\u6309<\/span>\u4e2d\u56fd\u836f\u5178\u56db\u90e8\u901a\u5219<\/span>0109\u3010\u65e0\u83cc\u3011<\/span><\/span>\u9879\u4e0b<\/span>\u8981\u6c42<\/span>\u52a0\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u4eff\u5236\u54c1\u4e0e\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u5e94\u8fdb\u884c<\/span>\u5168\u9762\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7814\u7a76<\/span>\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u9ecf\u5ea6\u3001\u836f\u7269\u6676\u578b\u3001\u7c92\u5ea6\u53ca\u7c92\u5ea6\u5206\u5e03\u3001\u6db2\u6ef4\u7c92\u5f84\u3001\u542b\u91cf\u5747\u5300\u5ea6\u3001\u6709\u5173\u7269\u8d28\u7b49\u5173\u952e\u8d28\u91cf\u6307\u6807\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u76ae\u80a4\u5916\u7528\u836f\u7269\u7684\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8bd5\u9a8c\u548c\u4f53\u5916\u900f\u76ae\u5438\u6536\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8bd5\u9a8c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u5e94\u63d0\u4f9b<\/span>\u591a\u6279\u6b21\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u8003\u5bdf\u6570\u636e<\/span>\uff0c\u8003\u5bdf\u4e0e\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u7597\u6548\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7d27\u5bc6\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8d28\u91cf\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e5d<\/span>\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7814\u7a76<\/span>\u7684<\/span>\u6280\u672f\u8981\u6c42<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5916\u7528\u836f\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u4e00\u822c\u5305\u62ec\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u7d20\u8bd5\u9a8c\u3001\u52a0\u901f\u8bd5\u9a8c\u548c\u957f\u671f\u8bd5\u9a8c\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u8bd5\u9a8c\uff0c\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u5e94\u8003\u5bdf\u4e2d\u95f4\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u5bf9\u91c7\u7528\u534a\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u5bb9\u5668\u5305\u88c5\u7684\u5236\u5242\uff0c\u5e94\u6839\u636e\u836f\u5178\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u6307\u5bfc\u539f\u5219\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u4f4e\u6e7f\u5ea6\u6761\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u8003\u5bdf\u3002\u5bf9\u5728\u4f4e\u6e29\u4e0b\u5236\u5242\u5f62\u6001\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\uff08\u5982\u4e73\u818f\u5242\u3001\u4e73\u5242\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u8fdb\u884c<\/span>\u4f4e\u6e29\u548c\u51bb\u878d\u8bd5\u9a8c<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5185\u5305\u6750\u65e0\u6cd5\u8d77\u5230\u5b8c\u5168\u906e\u5149\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u54c1\u79cd\uff0c\u5e94\u6309\u7167\u300a\u5316\u5b66\u836f\u7269\uff08\u539f\u6599\u836f\u548c\u5236\u5242\uff09\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u6280\u672f\u6307\u5bfc\u539f\u5219\u300b\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c<\/span>\u5149\u7167\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7814\u7a76<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u836f\u7269\u4ee5\u6df7\u60ac\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8f6f\u818f\u5242\u3001\u51dd\u80f6\u5242\u7b49\u534a\u56fa\u4f53\u5236\u5242\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u8003\u5bdf<\/span>\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6676\u578b\u3001\u7c92\u5ea6\u53ca\u7c92\u5ea6\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u53d8\u5316<\/span>\uff1b\u5bf9\u591a\u76f8\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u4e73\u818f\u5242\u3001\u4e73\u5242\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u8003\u5bdf<\/span>\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6db2\u6ef4\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u878d\u5408\u60c5\u51b5<\/span>\uff1b\u5efa\u8bae\u5728<\/span>\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u6027\u672b\u671f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0e\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u7684\u91ca\u653e\u5ea6\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7814\u7a76<\/span>\u3002\u5982\u5904\u65b9\u4e2d\u542b\u6709<\/span>\u6297\u6c27\u5242\u3001\u6291\u83cc\u5242<\/span>\u7b49\u8f85\u6599\uff0c\u5728<\/span>\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u8fd8\u5e94\u5b9a\u91cf\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f85\u6599\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u60c5\u51b5<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5341<\/span>\u3001\u7b49\u6548\u6027\u8bc4\u4ef7\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1\u3001\u5916\u7528\u6eb6\u6db2\u5242\uff1a<\/span><\/span>\u4eff\u5236\u836f\u4e0e\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u7684<\/span>\u8f85\u6599\u5728\u5b9a\u6027\uff08<\/span>Q1\uff09\u548c\u5b9a\u91cf\uff08<\/span>Q2<\/span>\uff09\u4e0a\u5e94\u76f8\u540c\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8f85\u6599\u7684\u6d53\u5ea6\u5dee\u5f02\u4e0d\u5e94\u8d85\u8fc7<\/span>\u00b15%<\/span>\u3002\u5173\u952e\u8d28\u91cf\u5c5e\u6027\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u4eba\u4f53\u7b49\u6548\u6027\u8bd5\u9a8c\uff1b\u82e5\u4eff\u5236\u836f\u4e0e\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u8f85\u6599\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u7533\u8bf7\u4eba\u9700\u660e\u786e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5dee\u5f02\u5e76\u8bc1\u660e\u8be5\u5dee\u5f02\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u836f\u7269\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u6709\u6548\u6027\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5bf9\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u5916\u7528\u6eb6\u6db2\u5242\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u7684\u836f\u54c1\u914d\u65b9\u53d8\u66f4\uff0c\u5982\u6e17\u900f\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5242\u7684\u79cd\u7c7b\u53d8\u66f4\u548c\u7528\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u9700\u914c\u60c5\u5f00\u5c55\u4f53\u5916\u548c\u4f53\u5185\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

2\u3001\u534a\u56fa\u4f53\u5236\u5242\uff08\u5982\u4e73\u818f\u5242\u3001\u8f6f\u818f\u5242\u3001\u51dd\u80f6\u5242\u7b49\uff09\uff1a\u5728\u4e3b\u8981\u8d28\u91cf\u7279\u6027\uff08\u9ecf\u5ea6\u3001\u836f\u7269\u6676<\/span><\/span>\u578b\u3001\u7c92\u5ea6\u53ca\u7c92\u5ea6\u5206\u5e03\u3001\u6db2\u6ef4\u7c92\u5f84\u3001\u542b\u91cf\u548c\u5747\u5300\u6027\u3001\u6709\u5173\u7269\u8d28\uff09\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/span>\uff08\u9644\u4ef6<\/span>1\uff09\u548c\u900f\u76ae\u5438\u6536<\/span><\/span>\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/span>\u8bd5\u9a8c\uff08\u9644\u4ef6<\/span>2\uff09\u6765\u8bc4\u4ef7<\/span><\/span>\u4eff\u5236\u836f\u548c\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u7597\u6548\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span>\u5982\u4e8c\u8005\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u53ca\u4f53\u5916\u900f\u76ae\u5438\u6536\u5747\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u53ef\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u975e\u4e34\u5e8a\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c<\/span>\uff1b<\/span>\u5982\u836f\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u96be\u4ee5\u5145\u5206\u8bc4\u4ef7\u8d28\u91cf\u4e00\u81f4\u4e14\u6709\u5408\u9002\u7684\u75c5\u7406\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u53ef\u5f00\u5c55\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u975e\u4e34\u5e8a\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7814\u7a76<\/span>\uff1b<\/span>\u5982\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7814\u7a76\u4ecd\u4e0d\u80fd\u786e\u5b9a\u4eff\u5236\u836f\u4e0e\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u7684\u751f\u7269\u7b49\u6548\uff0c\u5219\u5efa\u8bae\u5f00\u5c55\u4e34\u5e8a\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7814\u7a76<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9274\u4e8e\u76ae\u80a4\u79d1\u5916\u7528\u836f\u7269\u79cd\u7c7b\u7e41\u591a\uff0c\u5242\u578b\u591a\u6837\uff0c\u7533\u8bf7\u4eba\u53ef\u6309\u5982\u4e0b<\/span>\u7ec6\u5219<\/span>\u8fdb\u884c\u8003\u8651\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2460 <\/span>\u4ece\u836f\u7269\u672c\u8eab\u6027\u8d28\uff08\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u3001\u6cb9\u6c34\u5206\u914d\u7cfb\u6570\u3001\u89e3\u79bb\u5e38\u6570\u7b49<\/span>\uff09\u3001\u5242\u578b\u53ca<\/span>\u5904\u65b9\u3001\u9002\u5e94\u75c7\u53ca\u5728\u4eba\u4f53\u7684<\/span>\u7528\u836f\u90e8\u4f4d\uff08\u4e0d\u540c<\/span>\u9002\u5e94\u75c7\u53ef\u505a\u533a\u5206\u5904\u7406\uff1b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/span>\u90e8\u4f4d\uff0c\u836f\u7269\u8981\u7a7f\u900f\u7684\u76ae\u80a4<\/span>\u5c4f\u969c\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002<\/span>\u5e94\u7ed3\u5408\u5916\u7528\u836f\u7269\u7684<\/span>\u4f5c\u7528\u90e8\u4f4d<\/span> \uff0c\u5408\u7406\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u5e94\u7684<\/span>\u8bc4\u4ef7\u624b\u6bb5\uff08\u5177\u4f53\u89c1<\/span>\u2461\u2462<\/span>\uff09\uff09\u7b49\u7efc\u5408\u8003\u8651\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u7b49\u6548\u6027\u8bc4\u4ef7\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2461 <\/span>\u5bf9\u4ec5<\/span>\u4f5c\u7528\u76ae\u80a4\u89d2\u8d28\u5c42\u5916<\/span>\u3001\u96be\u4ee5\u900f\u8fc7<\/span>\u76ae\u80a4\u5c4f\u969c<\/span>\u7684\u836f\u7269\uff0c\u53ef\u5728\u836f\u5b66\u4e3b\u8981\u8d28\u91cf\u7279\u6027\u53ca\u5236\u5242<\/span>\u5fae\u89c2\u7ed3\u6784\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f00\u5c55\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u884c<\/span>\u8bc4\u4ef7\u3002<\/span>\u5982\u4eff\u5236\u836f\u548c\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u7684<\/span>\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u884c\u4e3a<\/span>\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u53ef\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u975e\u4e34\u5e8a\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2462 <\/span>\u5bf9\u4f5c\u7528\u90e8\u4f4d\u5728\u89d2\u8d28\u5c42\u5185\u7684<\/span>\u5916\u7528\u5236\u5242\uff0c\u5728\u836f\u5b66\u4e3b\u8981\u8d28\u91cf\u7279\u6027\u53ca\u5236\u5242<\/span>\u5fae\u89c2\u7ed3\u6784\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef<\/span>\u901a\u8fc7\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u548c\u4f53\u5916\u900f\u76ae\u5438\u6536\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/span>\u8bd5\u9a8c\u6765\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4eff\u5236\u836f\u548c\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u7684\u7597\u6548<\/span>\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/span>\u5982\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u53ca\u4f53\u5916\u900f\u76ae\u5438\u6536\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u53ef\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u975e\u4e34\u5e8a\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2463 <\/span>\u5bf9\u836f\u7269\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u90e8\u4f4d\u5728<\/span>\u89d2\u8d28\u5c42\u5185\u6216\u89d2\u8d28\u5c42\u4e0b\u65b9\u6216\u4e24\u8005\u517c\u5177\uff0c\u836f\u6548<\/span>\u6216\u8005\u4f5c\u7528\u90e8\u4f4d\u6d53\u5ea6\u4e0e\u836f\u7269\u4ee3\u8c22\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5448\u826f\u597d<\/span>\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef<\/span>\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0e\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u7684\u4eba\u4f53<\/span>PK\u8bd5\u9a8c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2464 <\/span>\u5904\u65b9\u4e2d\u6709\u65b0\u589e\u7684<\/span>\u6e17\u900f\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>\u8fdb\u884c\u4e34\u5e8a\u7ec8\u70b9\u7684<\/span>\u751f\u7269\u7b49\u6548\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2465<\/span>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u542b\u76ae\u8d28\u7c7b\u56fa\u9187\u6fc0\u7d20\u7684\u5236\u5242\uff0c\u53ef\u9009\u7528\u7ecf\u521d\u7b5b\u5408\u683c\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u53d7\u8bd5\u8005\u8fdb\u884c\u4eba\u4f53\u76ae\u80a4\u53d8\u767d\u8bd5\u9a8c<\/span>\uff0c<\/span>\u4ee5\u66ff\u4ee3\u5728\u4f53\u76ae\u80a4\u5438\u6536\u8bd5\u9a8c\u53ca<\/span>\u4ee5<\/span>\u4e34\u5e8a<\/span>\u6307\u6807\u4e3a<\/span>\u7ec8\u70b9<\/span>\u7684<\/span>\u751f\u7269\u7b49\u6548\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3\u3001\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5c40\u90e8\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u836f\u7269\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5168\u8eab\u66b4\u9732\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\u5927\u9762\u79ef\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5c40\u90e8<\/span><\/span>\u5916\u7528<\/span>\u5236\u5242\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5168\u8eab\u4e0d\u826f\u53cd\u5e94\u98ce\u9669\u65f6\uff08\u5982\u76ae\u8d28\u7c7b\u56fa\u9187\u6fc0\u7d20\u7c7b\u4ea7\u54c1\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4e0e<\/span><\/span>\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u8fdb\u884c\u4eba\u4f53<\/span>PK\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76<\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5341\u4e00<\/span>\u3001\u836f\u54c1\u8bf4\u660e\u4e66\u7684\u62df\u5b9a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u7533\u8bf7\u4eba\u9700\u68c0\u7d22\u5e76\u8ffd\u8e2a\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u8bf4\u660e\u4e66\u53d8\u66f4\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c<\/span>\u53c2\u7167\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u8bf4\u660e\u4e66<\/span>\uff0c\u62df\u5b9a\u65b0\u6ce8\u518c\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u76ae\u80a4\u5916\u7528\u836f\u54c1\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u4e66\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1\u3001<\/span>ICH Steering Committee, Harmonised Tripartite Guideline Q8: Pharmaceutical Development. August, 2009<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2\u3001<\/span>ICH Steering Committee. Harmonised Tripartite Guideline Q1A: Stability Testing of New Drug Substances and Products. 2003<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3\u3001<\/span>ICH Steering Committee. Harmonised Tripartite Guideline M7: Assessment and Control of DNA Reactive (Mutagenic) Impurities in Pharmaceuticals to Limit Potential Carcinogenic Risk. 2017<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4\u3001\u300a\u5316\u5b66\u836f\u7269\u5236\u5242\u7814\u7a76\u57fa\u672c\u6280\u672f\u6307\u5bfc\u539f\u5219\u300b\uff0c<\/span>2005.3.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

5\u3001 \u4e2d\u56fd\u836f\u5178<\/span>2015<\/span>\u5e74\u7248\u56db\u90e8\u901a\u5219<\/span>0109 <\/span>\u8f6f\u818f\u5242\u3001\u4e73\u818f\u5242<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

6\u3001\u8c22\u677e\u6885<\/span>,<\/span>\u6768\u5fd7\u654f<\/span>,<\/span>\u90b5\u9896<\/span>,<\/span>\u7b49<\/span>.<\/span>\u65b0\u6cd5\u89c4\u4e0b\u76ae\u80a4\u5916\u7528\u836f\u7269\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u8981\u6c42\uff0e<\/span>CFDA-CDE, 2009.12.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

7\u3001<\/span>CDE<\/span>\uff1a\u5e38\u7528\u836f\u7528\u8f85\u6599\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08 <\/span><\/span>http:\/\/www.cde.org.cn\/drugInfo. do?method=init&frameStr=1<\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

8\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u98df\u54c1\u836f\u54c1\u76d1\u7763\u7ba1\u7406\u5c40\uff1a\u603b\u5c40\u5173\u4e8e\u53d1\u5e03\u5316\u5b66\u836f\u54c1\u65b0\u6ce8\u518c\u5206\u7c7b\u7533\u62a5\u8d44\u6599\u8981\u6c42\uff08\u8bd5\u884c\uff09\u7684\u901a\u544a\uff08<\/span>2016<\/span>\u5e74 \u7b2c<\/span>80<\/span>\u53f7\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

9\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u98df\u54c1\u836f\u54c1\u76d1\u7763\u7ba1\u7406\u5c40\uff1a\u603b\u5c40\u5173\u4e8e\u53d1\u5e03\u836f\u5305\u6750\u836f\u7528\u8f85\u6599\u7533\u62a5\u8d44\u6599\u8981\u6c42\uff08\u8bd5\u884c\uff09\u7684\u901a\u544a\uff08<\/span>2016<\/span>\u5e74\u7b2c<\/span>155<\/span>\u53f7\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

10\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u98df\u54c1\u836f\u54c1\u76d1\u7763\u7ba1\u7406\u5c40\uff1a\u603b\u5c40\u5173\u4e8e\u836f\u5305\u6750\u836f\u7528\u8f85\u6599\u4e0e\u836f\u54c1\u5173\u8054\u5ba1\u8bc4\u5ba1\u6279\u6709\u5173\u4e8b\u9879\u7684\u516c\u544a\uff08<\/span>2016<\/span>\u5e74\u7b2c<\/span>134<\/span>\u53f7\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

11\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u98df\u54c1\u836f\u54c1\u76d1\u7763\u7ba1\u7406\u5c40\uff1a\u603b\u5c40\u5173\u4e8e\u8c03\u6574\u539f\u6599\u836f\u3001\u836f\u7528\u8f85\u6599\u548c\u836f\u5305\u6750\u5ba1\u8bc4\u5ba1\u6279\u4e8b\u9879\u7684\u516c\u544a\uff08<\/span>2017<\/span>\u5e74\u7b2c<\/span>146<\/span>\u53f7\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

12\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u98df\u54c1\u836f\u54c1\u76d1\u7763\u7ba1\u7406\u603b\u5c40<\/span>.<\/span>\u300a\u5316\u5b66\u836f\u7269\uff08\u539f\u6599\u836f\u548c\u5236\u5242\uff09\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u6280\u672f\u6307\u5bfc\u539f\u5219\u300b\uff08<\/span>2015<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>02<\/span>\u6708<\/span>05<\/span>\u65e5\u9881\u5e03\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

13\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd<\/span>FDA<\/span>\u300a\u8054\u90a6\u89c4\u7ae0\u5178\u96c6\u300b\uff0c<\/span>21CFR\u00a7314.94.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

14 FDA: Guidance For Industry: ANDA Submissions-Refuse-to-Receive Standards (RTR Standards guidance). December 2016<\/span><\/p>\n

15\u3001<\/span>FDA: Guidance for Industry: Controlled Correspondence Related to Generic Drug Development. November 2017<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

16\u3001<\/span>FDA: ANDA Submissions-Refuse-to-Receive for lack of Justification of Impurity Limits Guidance For Industry. August 2016<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

17\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u836f\u5178\uff08<\/span>USP40<\/span>\uff09\uff1a\u901a\u5219<\/span><232><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

18\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u836f\u5178\uff08<\/span>USP40<\/span>\uff09\uff1a\u901a\u5219<\/span><3><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

19\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u836f\u5178\uff08<\/span>USP40<\/span>\uff09\uff1a\u901a\u5219<\/span><771><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

20\u3001<\/span>FDA: Guidance for Industry: ANDAs Stability Testing of Drug Substances and Products. June 2013<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

21\u3001<\/span>FDA: Guidance for Industry: ANDAs: Stability Testing of Drug Substances and Products -Questions and Answers. May 2004<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

22\u3001<\/span>FDA: SUPAC-SS: Nonsterile Semisolid Dosage Forms; Scale-Up and Postapproval Changes: Chemistry, Manufacturing, and Controls; In Vitro Release Testing and In Vivo Bioequivalence Documentation. May 1997.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

23\u3001<\/span>FDA: Product-Specific Guidances for Generic Drug Development (https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/Drugs\/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation\/Guidances\/ucm075214.htm)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

24\u3001 <\/span>EMEA, CHMP: GUIDELINE ON EXCIPIENTS IN THE DOSSIER FOR APPLICATION FOR MARKETING AUTHORISATION OF A MEDICINAL PRODUCT. January 2008<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

25\u3001<\/span>EMEA, CHMP: Note for guidance on inclusion of antioxidants and antimicrobial preservatives in medicinal products. January 1998<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

26\u3001 <\/span>EMA, CHMP: Note for guidance on in use stability testing of human medicinal products. September 2001<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

27\u3001<\/span>EMA, CHMP: Concept paper on the development of a guideline on quality and equivalence of topical products. <\/span>July 2015<\/span><\/p>\n

28\u3001<\/span>PMDA:<\/span>\u5c40\u6240\u76ae\u819a\u9069\u7528\u88fd\u5264\uff08\u534a\u56fa\u5f62\u88fd\u5264\u53ca\u3073\u8cbc\u4ed8\u5264\uff09\u306e\u51e6\u65b9\u5909\u66f4\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u8a66\u9a13\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3002<\/span>2010<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>11<\/span>\u6708<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

29\u3001<\/span>PMDA: <\/span>\u5c40\u6240\u76ae\u819a\u9069\u7528\u88fd\u5264\uff08\u534a\u56fa\u5f62\u88fd\u5264\u53ca\u3073\u8cbc\u4ed8\u5264\uff09\u306e\u51e6\u65b9\u5909\u66f4\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u8a66\u9a13\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3<\/span>Q&A<\/span>\u3002<\/span>2010<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>11<\/span>\u6708<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

30\u3001<\/span>PMDA:<\/span>\u5c40\u6240\u76ae\u819a\u9069\u7528\u88fd\u5264\u306e\u5f8c\u767a\u533b\u85ac\u54c1\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u8a66\u9a13\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

31\u3001<\/span>PMDA:<\/span>\u5c40\u6240\u76ae\u819a\u9069\u7528\u88fd\u5264\u306e\u5f8c\u767a\u533b\u85ac\u54c1\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u8a66\u9a13\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3<\/span>Q&A<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

32\u3001<\/span>PMDA:<\/span>\u5c40\u6240\u76ae\u819a\u9069\u7528\u88fd\u5264\u306e\u5264\u5f62\u8ffd\u52a0\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u8a66\u9a13\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3002<\/span>2006<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>11<\/span>\u6708<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

33\u3001<\/span>PMDA:<\/span>\u5c40\u6240\u76ae\u819a\u9069\u7528\u88fd\u5264\u306e\u5264\u5f62\u8ffd\u52a0\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u8a66\u9a13\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3<\/span>Q&A<\/span>\u3002<\/span>2006\u5e74<\/span>11<\/span>\u6708<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u9644\u4ef6<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u53ca\u4f53\u5916\u900f\u76ae<\/span>\u5438\u6536<\/span>\u8bd5\u9a8c\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u8bc4\u4ef7\u534a\u56fa\u4f53\u5236\u5242\uff08\u5982\u4e73\u818f\u5242\u3001\u8f6f\u818f\u5242\u3001\u51dd\u80f6\u5242\u7b49\uff09\u5242\u578b\u4e0e\u5904\u65b9<\/span>\u7684<\/span>\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u901f\u7387\u662f<\/span>\u836f\u7269<\/span>\u6027<\/span>\u80fd<\/span>\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u4f53\u73b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6d3b\u6027\u6210\u4efd\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u548c\u7c92\u5f84\u4ee5\u53ca\u5242\u578b\u7684\u6d41\u53d8\u6027\uff0c\u662f<\/span>\u8868\u5f81<\/span>\u5c40\u90e8\u5916\u7528<\/span>\u836f\u54c1\u7684<\/span>\u5236\u5242\u7279\u6027\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u5f3a\uff0c\u91cd\u73b0\u6027\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e14\u7075\u654f\u5ea6\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u4f53\u5916\u900f\u76ae\u8bd5\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e0e\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u4e3b\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u7528\u4eba\u4f53\u6216\u52a8\u7269\u76ae\u80a4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u819c\u66ff\u4ee3\u4eba\u5de5\u819c\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53cd<\/span>\u6620<\/span>\u836f\u7269\u5728\u76ae\u80a4\u4e2d\u7684\u6e17\u900f\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f46<\/span>\u4e5f<\/span>\u5b58\u5728\u76ae\u80a4\u96be\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u3001\u76ae\u80a4\u53d7\u79cd\u5c5e\u3001\u5e74\u9f84\u3001\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u90e8\u4f4d\u7b49\u591a\u56e0\u7d20\u5e72\u6270\u3001\u76ae\u80a4\u5904\u7406\u56f0\u96be\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u91cd\u73b0\u6027\u5dee\u7b49\u56f0\u96be<\/span>\u56e0\u7d20<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1\u3001\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u8bd5\u9a8c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u8bd5\u9a8c\uff0c<\/span>\u53ef<\/span>\u4ee5\u53cd<\/span>\u6620<\/span>\u534a\u56fa\u4f53\u836f\u54c1\u4e2d\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5316\u5b66\u53d8\u5316\uff1b<\/span>\u53ef<\/span>\u7528\u4e8e\u786e\u5b9a\u5f85\u6d4b<\/span>\u7684<\/span>\u5916\u7528\u836f\u54c1\u548c\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u7684\u4f53\u5916\u836f\u7269\u91ca\u653e\u7387\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\uff1b\u4e0d\u671f\u671b\u4e0e\u4f53\u5185\u751f\u7269\u5229\u7528\u5ea6\u6216\u751f\u7269\u7b49\u6548\u6027\u76f8\u5173\u6216\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u6d4b\u5b9a\u91ca\u653e\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7684\u88c5\u7f6e\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5982\u7f8e\u56fd\u836f\u5178\u7b2c\u56db\u6cd5<\/span>\u2014\u2014\u6d41\u901a\u6c60\u6cd5\uff08<\/span>Flow Through Cell<\/span>\uff09\u3001<\/span>Franz<\/span>\u6269\u6563\u6c60\u6cd5\uff08<\/span>Diffusion cells<\/span>\uff09\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u6d78\u6ce1\u7ec6\u80de\u6cd5\uff08<\/span>Immersion cells<\/span>\uff09\u3001\u6539\u826f\u7684\u534a\u56fa\u4f53\u5bb9\u7eb3\u6cd5\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u836f\u5178\u7684\u6868\u789f\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5<\/span>Franz<\/span>\u6269\u6563\u6c60\u6cd5\u6700\u4e3a\u7b80\u4fbf\u548c\u5b9e\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n

Franz\u6269\u6563\u6c60\u88c5\u7f6e\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1.1\u91ca\u653e\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7684\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\uff0c\u5236\u5242\u5904\u4e8e\u91ca\u653e\u63a7\u5236\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\u6839\uff08<\/span>t<\/span>\uff09\u5448\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u91ca\u653e\u6765\u81ea\u8870\u51cf\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff08<\/span>Higuchi<\/span>\u65b9\u7a0b\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1.2\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u8bd5\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53ca\u8981\u6c42\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5c40\u90e8\u7528\u836f\u5236\u5242\u7684\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5f00\u653e\u6269\u6563\u6c60\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5982<\/span>Franz\u6269\u6563\u6c60\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u819c\u3002\u53d7\u8bd5\u54c1\u7f6e\u4e8e\u6269\u6563\u6c60\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u4f9b\u4f53\u8154\u4eba\u5de5\u819c\u7684\u4e0a\u4fa7\uff0c\u91c7\u6837\u6db2\u7f6e\u4e8e\u63a5\u53d7\u8154\u4eba\u5de5\u819c\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4fa7\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4b\u5b9a\u8fde\u7eed\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\u6db2\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u68c0\u6d4b\u836f\u7269\u4ece\u5c40\u90e8\u7528\u836f\u900f\u8fc7\u4eba\u5de5\u819c\u7684\u6269\u6563\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6269\u6563\u6c60\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\u5e26\u6709\u6807\u51c6\u5f00\u5e3d\u5f0f\u6bdb\u73bb\u7483\u6837\u8868\u9762\u7684\u6269\u6563\u6c60\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6ce8\u5165\u5b54\u76f4\u5f84\u4e3a<\/span>15 mm\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f4\u5f84\u4e3a<\/span>25 mm<\/span>\u3002 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4eba\u5de5\u819c\uff1a\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u60f0\u6027\u548c\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u819c\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u805a\u781c\uff0c\u918b\u9178\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7d20<\/span>\/\u5c3c\u9f99\u6df7\u5408\u916f\uff0c\u6216\u805a\u56db\u6c1f\u4e59\u70ef<\/span>70\u03bcm<\/span>\u819c\u3002\u5927\u5c0f\u9002\u5408\u6269\u6563\u6c60\u76f4\u5f84\uff08\u5373\u4e0a\u6587\u63d0\u5230\u7684<\/span>25 mm<\/span>\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u63a5\u53d7\u6db2\u4ecb\u8d28\uff1a\u9002\u5b9c\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\u6db2\u4ecb\u8d28\uff0c<\/span> \u5982\u6c34\u6027\u7f13\u51b2\u6db2\u7528\u4e8e\u6c34\u6eb6\u6027\u836f\u7269\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c<\/span> \u6216\u8005\u542b\u6c34\u9187\u4ecb\u8d28\u7528\u4e8e\u6c34\u6eb6\u6027\u8f83\u5dee\u7684\u836f\u7269\uff0c\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9002\u5f53\u8c03\u6574\u7684\u4ecb\u8d28\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6837\u672c\u91cf\uff1a\u591a\u6b21\u91cd\u590d\uff08\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>6\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\uff09\u6d4b\u5b9a\u76ae\u80a4\u5c40\u90e8\u7528\u836f\u7684\u91ca\u653e\u7387\uff08\u7279\u5f81\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6837\u672c\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a\u5c06\u7ea6<\/span>300 mg\u534a\u56fa\u4f53\u5236\u5242\u5747\u5300\u7f6e\u4e8e\u4eba\u5de5\u5408\u6210\u819c\u4e0a\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u5c01\u95ed\u72b6\u6001\u9632\u6b62\u6eb6\u6db2\u84b8\u53d1\u548c\u6210\u4efd\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u5242\u91cf\u9650\u5b9a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u91c7\u6837\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a\u5efa\u8bae\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u65f6\u671f\u5185\u591a\u6b21\u91c7\u6837\uff08\u81f3\u5c11<\/span>5\u6b21\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4ea7\u751f\u8db3\u91cf\u91ca\u653e\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u548c\u786e\u5b9a\u836f\u7269\u7684\u91ca\u653e\u7387\uff08\u5728\u4e3a\u671f<\/span>6<\/span>\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u671f\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u91c7\u6837\u6b21\u6570\u4e0d\u5c11\u4e8e<\/span>5<\/span>\u6b21\uff0c\u5373\u91c7\u6837\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a<\/span>30 <\/span>\u5206\u949f\u3001<\/span>1<\/span>\u3001<\/span>2<\/span>\u3001<\/span>4<\/span>\u548c<\/span>6<\/span>\u5c0f\u65f6\uff09\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u5236\u5242\u91c7\u6837\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u91c7\u6837\u70b9\u53d6\u6837\u540e<\/span><\/span>\u5e94<\/span>\u8865\u5145\u65b0\u9c9c\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\u76f8\u6db2\u4f53\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6574\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4eba\u5de5\u819c\u7684\u4e0b\u8868\u9762\u59cb\u7ec8\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0e\u63a5\u53d7\u76f8\u63a5\u89e6\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6837\u672c\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u5e94\u91c7\u7528\u9002\u5f53\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u7279\u5f02\u4e14\u7075\u654f\u7684\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u836f\u7269\u6d53\u5ea6\u548c\u836f\u7269\u91ca\u653e\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u7387\uff1a\u7528\u5355\u4f4d\u9762\u79ef\u91ca\u653e\u7684\u836f\u7269\u91cf\uff08<\/span>mcg\/cm<\/span>2<\/span><\/sup>\uff09\u76f8\u5bf9\u65f6\u95f4\u5e73\u65b9\u6839\u7ed8\u56fe<\/span>\uff0c<\/span>\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u6761\u76f4\u7ebf\u3002\u76f4\u7ebf\u7684\u659c\u7387\uff08\u56de\u5f52\uff09<\/span> \u4ee3\u8868\u5236\u5242\u7684\u91ca\u653e\u7387\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8ba1\u7b97\u53d7\u8bd5\u5236\u5242\u6279\u6b21\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u7387\u4e0e\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u7387\u6bd4\u503c\u7684<\/span>90%\u7f6e\u4fe1\u533a\u95f4\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\uff1a<\/span>90%<\/span>\u7f6e\u4fe1\u533a\u95f4<\/span><\/span>\u5e94<\/span>\u5728<\/span>75% ~ 133.33%\u9650\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u91ca\u653e\u7387\uff08\u7279\u5f81\uff09\u6bd4\u8f83\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8bbe\u5907\u6709<\/span>6\u4e2a\u6269\u6563\u6c60\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5c06\u6bd4\u8f83\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7528\u7684<\/span>2<\/span>\u79cd\u5236\u5242\u6309\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5206\u914d\uff1a <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u6216\u8005<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5904\uff0c<\/span>T\u4ee3\u8868\u53d7\u8bd5\u5236\u5242\uff0c<\/span>R<\/span>\u4ee3\u8868\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u3002\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec<\/span>2<\/span>\u79cd\u5236\u5242\u7684\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6d88\u9664\u8fd0\u884c\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u65e0\u504f\u5dee\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5c06\u5236\u5242\u5206\u914d\u81f3\u6269\u6563\u6c60\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff08\u5373\uff0c\u5c06\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u4e0e\u53d7\u8bd5\u5236\u5242\u6279\u6b21\u5206\u914d\u81f3\u8bbe\u5907\u7684<\/span>\u201c\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u6269\u6563\u6c60<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u7684\uff08\u5373\uff0c\u66f4\u6539\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u6216\u968f\u673a\u7684\uff08\u5373\uff0c\u6295\u63b7\u786c\u5e01\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u67d0\u79cd\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u968f\u673a\u673a\u5236\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u975e<\/span>6\u4e2a\u6269\u6563\u6c60\u7684\u975e\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u4ecd\u5e94\u9075\u5faa\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u53d7\u8bd5\u5236\u5242\u4e0e\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3002\u5982\u679c\u975e\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u8bbe\u5907\u4ec5\u6709<\/span>1<\/span>\u4e2a\u6269\u6563\u6c60\uff0c\u5e94\u6df7\u5408\u8fd0\u884c\u53d7\u8bd5\u5236\u5242\u4e0e\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u83b7\u53d6\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5236\u5242\u7684\u6240\u6709\u68c0\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u83b7\u53d6\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5236\u5242\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u68c0\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u6bd4\u8f83\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7684\u8be6\u60c5\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u6bd4\u8f83\u5e94\u8be5\u5206\u4e24\u6b65\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u8bbe\u5907\uff08<\/span>6\u4e2a\u6269\u6563\u6c60\uff09\u5e94\u8be5\u8fd0\u884c<\/span>2<\/span>\u6b21\uff0c\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\uff08<\/span>R<\/span>\uff09\u548c<\/span><\/span>\u53d7\u8bd5<\/span>\u5236\u5242\uff08<\/span>T\uff09\u5404\u4ea7\u751f<\/span>6<\/span>\u4e2a\u659c\u7387\uff08\u4f30\u8ba1\u7684\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u7387\uff09\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u8ba1\u7b97\u53d7\u8bd5\u5236\u5242\u6279\u6b21\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u7387\u4e0e\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u6279\u6b21\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u7387\u6bd4\u503c\u7684<\/span>90%<\/span>\u7f6e\u4fe1\u533a\u95f4\u3002\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5982<\/span>90%<\/span>\u7f6e\u4fe1\u533a\u95f4\u5728<\/span>75% ~ 133.33%<\/span>\u7684\u9650\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u505a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u4f53\u5916\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0d\u5408\u683c\uff0c\u5219\u5e94\u8be5\u589e\u52a0<\/span>4\u6b21\u4f53\u5916\u8bbe\u5907\uff08<\/span>6<\/span>\u4e2a\u6269\u6563\u6c60\uff09\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u53d7\u8bd5\u5236\u5242\u548c\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u6279\u6b21\u5404\u589e\u52a0<\/span>12<\/span>\u4e2a\u659c\u7387\uff0c\u6216\u5171<\/span>18<\/span>\u4e2a\u659c\u7387\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff09\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4ea7\u54c1\u5171\u91c7\u7528<\/span>18<\/span>\u4e2a\u659c\u7387\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\uff09\u8ba1\u7b97\u5236\u5242\u7684\u603b\u7684<\/span>90%<\/span>\u7f6e\u4fe1\u533a\u95f4\u3002\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0<\/span>90%<\/span>\u7f6e\u4fe1\u533a\u95f4\u5e94\u8be5\u5728<\/span>75% ~ 133 .33%<\/span>\u7684\u9650\u5ea6\u4e4b\u5185\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u7f6e\u4fe1\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97<\/span>\u2014\u20141\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u9884\u8ba1\u6b64\u6b21\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u6781\u7aef\u503c\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5236\u5242\u6837\u672c\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u819c\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u6c14\u6ce1\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u6613\u4e8e<\/span>\u62ee\u6297<\/span>\u6781\u7aef\u503c\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u975e\u53c2\u6570\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

\u5047\u8bbe\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u659c\u7387\u6570\u636e\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u53d7\u8bd5\u5236\u5242\u6279\u6b21 (T)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u6279\u6b21 (R)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

1.3390<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.1331<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

1.3496<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.1842<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

1.4946<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.0824<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

1.4668<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.3049<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

1.1911<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.0410<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

1.2210<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.2419<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u7f6e\u4fe1\u533a\u95f4\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u4ea7\u751f<\/span>36\u4e2a\uff08<\/span>= 6 x 6<\/span>\uff09\u5355\u72ec\u7684<\/span>T\/R<\/span>\u6bd4\u503c\u3002\u5728\u4e0b\u5217\u8868\u683c\u4e2d\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u5404<\/span>T\/R<\/span>\u6bd4\u503c\uff0c\u53d8\u66f4\u524d\u6279\u6b21\u7684\u659c\u7387\uff08<\/span>R<\/span>\uff09\u5217\u5728\u8868\u683c\u4e0a\u90e8\uff0c\u53d8\u66f4\u540e\u6279\u6b21\u7684\u659c\u7387\uff08<\/span>T<\/span>\uff09\u5217\u5728\u8868\u683c\u5de6\u8fb9\u7f18\uff0c\u8868\u683c\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u90e8\u5206\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u5404\u4e2a<\/span>T\/R<\/span>\u6bd4\u503c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

<\/td>\n		\n

1.1331 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.1842 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.0824 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.3049 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.0410 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.2419 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

1.3390<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.1817 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.1307 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.2371 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.0261 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.2863 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.0782 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

1.3496<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.1911 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.1397 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.2469 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.0343 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.2964 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.0867 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

1.4946<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.3190 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.2621 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.3808 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.1454 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.4357 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.2035 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

1.4668<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.2945 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.2386 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.3551 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.1241 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.4090 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.1811 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

1. 1911<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.0512 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.0058 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.1004 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0.9128 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.1442 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0.9591 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

1.2210<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.0776 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.0311 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.1280 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0.9357 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.1729 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0.9832 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u7f6e\u4fe1\u533a\u95f4\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u662f\u5c06\u4e0a\u8ff0<\/span>36\u4e2a<\/span>T\/R<\/span>\u6bd4\u503c\u4ece\u4f4e\u81f3\u9ad8\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

0.9128\u3001<\/span>0.9357<\/span>\u3001<\/span>0.9591<\/span>\u3001<\/span>0.9832<\/span>\u3001<\/span>1.0058<\/span>\u3001<\/span>1.0261<\/span>\u3001<\/span>1.0311<\/span>\u3001<\/span>1.0343 . . . 1.2863<\/span>\u3001<\/span>1.2945<\/span>\u3001<\/span>1.2964<\/span>\u3001<\/span>1.3190<\/span>\u3001<\/span>1.3551<\/span>\u3001<\/span>1.3808<\/span>\u3001<\/span>1.4090<\/span>\u3001<\/span>1.4357<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff0c\u4e0a\u6587\u4e2d\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u7b2c<\/span>8\u4e2a\u548c\u7b2c<\/span>29<\/span>\u4e2a\u6bd4\u503c\u5206\u522b\u662f<\/span>T<\/span>\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u7387\uff08\u659c\u7387\uff09\u4e0e<\/span>R<\/span>\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u4f53\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u7387\u6bd4\u503c\u7684<\/span>90%<\/span>\u7f6e\u4fe1\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u4e0b\u9650\u548c\u4e0a\u9650\u3002\u672c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c<\/span>90%<\/span>\u7f6e\u4fe1\u533a\u95f4\u4e3a<\/span>1.0343 ~ 1.2863<\/span>\uff0c\u6216\u7528\u767e\u5206\u6570\u8868\u793a\u4e3a<\/span>103 .43% ~ 128.63%<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e<\/span>90%\u7f6e\u4fe1\u533a\u95f4\u5728<\/span>75% ~ 133.33%<\/span>\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u672c\u5236\u5242\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2\u4f53\u5916<\/span><\/span>\u900f\u76ae<\/span>\u8bd5\u9a8c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f53\u5916<\/span>\u900f\u76ae<\/span>\u8bd5\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53ca\u8981\u6c42\uff08<\/span>Franz\u6269\u6563\u6c60\u6cd5\uff09\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1\uff09\u8bd5\u9a8c\u6b21\u6570\uff1a\u5404\u5236\u5242\u8bd5\u9a8c<\/span>6<\/span>\u6b21\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2\uff09\u8bd5\u9a8c\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u65f6\u95f4\u4ee5\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u8bd5\u9a8c\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u6700\u591a<\/span>24<\/span>\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b9c\u8fc7\u957f\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u76ae\u80a4\u5c4f\u969c\u72b6\u6001\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u6781\u5927\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242<\/span><\/span>\u4e2d<\/span>\u836f\u7269\u7684\u6e17\u900f\u901f\u7387\u8fbe\u5230\u6052\u5b9a<\/span>6\u5c0f\u65f6\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6216\u8005\u6e17\u900f\u66f2\u7ebf\u8fbe\u5230\u5e73\u7a33\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec8\u6b62\u8bd5\u9a8c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3\uff09\u8bd5\u9a8c\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u6309\u7167\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6761\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u8bd5\u9a8c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u79cd\u7c7b\uff1a\u5927\u9f20\uff0c\u5c0f\u9f20\u6216\u732a\u7b49\u81f3\u5c11\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u79cd\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u90e8\u4f4d\uff1a\u8179\u90e8\u6216\u8005\u80cc\u90e8\u7b49<\/span><\/p>\n

\u88c5\u7f6e\uff1a\u6269\u6563\u6c60\u6cd5<\/span><\/p>\n

\u63a5\u6536\u6db2\u6e29\u5ea6\uff1a<\/span>32\u00b10.5\u00b0C<\/span><\/p>\n

\u63a5\u6536\u6db2\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u76ae\u80a4\u5c4f\u969c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u8bd5\u6db2\u3002\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u6c34\u6216\u8005\u7f13\u51b2\u6db2\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u6709\u673a\u6eb6\u5242\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u6c34\u6216\u8005\u7f13\u51b2\u6db2\u8fdb\u884c\u8bd5\u9a8c\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u5bf9\u76ae\u80a4\u5f71\u54cd\u5c0f\u7684\u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u63a5\u6536\u6db2\u91cf\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u8bbe\u5907\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bd5\u6db2\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8f6c\u901f\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u8f6c\u901f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u53d6\u6837\uff1a\u4ece\u8bd5\u9a8c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\u8bbe\u5b9a<\/span>4\u4e2a\u53d6\u6837\u70b9\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6700\u7ec8\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u5728\u5185\u5171\u8ba1<\/span>5<\/span>\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u53d6\u6837\u70b9\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53d6\u6837\u70b9\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e86\u89e3\u6e17\u900f\u66f2\u7ebf\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u63a5\u6536\u6db2\u7684\u8865\u5145\uff1a\u6bcf\u6b21\u53d6\u6837\u65f6\u8865\u5145\u4e0e\u53d6\u6837\u7684\u8bd5\u6db2\u7b49\u91cf\u7684\u8bd5\u6db2\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

4\uff09\u6e17\u900f\u836f\u7269\u91cf\u7684\u6821\u6b63<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u91c7\u6837\u6821\u6b63\u4ece\u8bd5\u6db2\u4e2d\u9664\u53bb\u7684\u836f\u7269\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba1\u7b97\u6e17\u900f\u5230\u8bd5\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u7d2f\u79ef\u836f\u7269\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

5\uff09\u6309\u5e73\u5747\u6e17\u900f\u7387\u5224\u5b9a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u8bd5\u9a8c\u65f6\u95f4\u6216\u8005\u6e17\u900f\u7387\u8fbe\u5230\u5e73\u7a33\u540e\u7684<\/span>1\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u548c\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u6e17\u900f\u4e00\u534a\u901f\u7387\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\uff0c\u8bd5\u9a8c\u5236\u5242\u4e0e\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6e17\u900f\u7387\u4e4b\u6bd4\u5e94\u5728<\/span>0.7<\/span>\uff5e<\/span>1.3<\/span>\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8bd5\u9a8c\u5236\u5242\u6e17\u900f\u7387\u7684\u53d8\u52a8\u5e94\u7b49\u4e8e\u6216\u5c0f\u4e8e\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u6e17\u900f\u7387\u7684\u53d8\u52a8\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u540c\u65f6\u5e94\u5bf9<\/span>\u201c\u76ae\u5185\u6ede\u7559\u91cf<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u8fdb\u884c\u8003\u5bdf\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u5355\u4f4d\u91cd\u91cf\u76ae\u80a4\u5185\u7684\u836f\u7269\u542b\u91cf\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bd4\u5bf9\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"CDE|\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u65b0\u6ce8\u518c\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u76ae\u80a4\u5916\u7528\u4eff\u5236\u836f\u7684\u6280\u672f\u8bc4\u4ef7\u8981\u6c42\u201d\u516c\u5f00\u5f81\u6c42\u610f\u89c1\u7684\u901a\u77e5\"<\/p>\n

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\u514d\u8d23\u58f0\u660e\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u672c\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\u6765\u81ea\u7f51\u7edc\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u4e0d\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u6587\u672c\u3001\u56fe\u5f62\u3001\u94fe\u63a5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0c\u6545\u4ec5\u4f9b\u8bbf\u95ee\u8005\u53c2\u7167\u9002\u7528\u3002\u5982\u60a8\uff08\u5355\u4f4d\u6216\u4e2a\u4eba\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3a\u672c\u6587\u67d0\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\u6709\u4fb5\u6743\u5acc\u7591\uff0c\u656c\u8bf7\u7acb\u5373\u901a\u77e5\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u4e88\u4ee5\u66f4\u6b63\u6216\u5220\u9664\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u58f0\u660e\u4e4b\u89e3\u91ca\u6743\u5f52\u672c\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u6240\u6709\u3002\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e4b\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u3002\u5982\u6709\u4e89\u8bae\u9650\u5728\u6211\u65b9\u6240\u5728\u5730\u53f8\u6cd5\u90e8\u95e8\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u8c22\u8c22\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u59cb\u53d1\u4e8e\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff1a \u57f9\u4f18\u521b\u65b0\u8bba\u575b <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5c40\u90e8\u4f5c\u7528\u3001\u5c40\u90e8\u8d77\u6548\u7684\u76ae\u80a4\u5916\u7528\u5236\u5242\uff0c\u662f\u836f\u7269\u5206\u7c7b\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u5904\u65b9\u836f\u548c\u975e\u5904\u65b9\u836f\uff08OTC\uff09 \u4e24\u5927\u7c7b\u30022 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14706,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[2],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.05921.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14705"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.05921.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.05921.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.05921.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.05921.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14705"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.05921.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14705\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14710,"href":"https:\/\/www.05921.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14705\/revisions\/14710"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.05921.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14706"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.05921.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14705"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.05921.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14705"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.05921.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14705"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}