{"id":81197,"date":"2019-04-08T00:00:50","date_gmt":"2019-04-11T06:47:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.05921.net\/index.php\/81197\/"},"modified":"2019-04-11T14:47:25","modified_gmt":"2019-04-11T06:47:25","slug":"e9257d198f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.05921.net\/index.php\/81197\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u6536\u85cf\u3011\u5bf9\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u6ce8\u5c04\u5242\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8bc4\u4ef7\/\u518d\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7684\u601d\u8003"},"content":{"rendered":"
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2<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
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 \u6ce8\u5c04\u5242\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4e0e\u65b0\u4eff\u5236\u53d1\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5f02\u540c<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n

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\"\u3010\u6536\u85cf\u3011\u5bf9\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u6ce8\u5c04\u5242\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8bc4\u4ef7\/\u518d\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7684\u601d\u8003\"<\/p>\n

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\u6848\u4f8b1 \uff1a \u6ce8\u5c04\u7528\u5934\u5b62\u66f2\u677e\u94a0\uff1a<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n

\u5934\u5b62\u66f2\u677e\u94a0(ceftriaxone sodi\u03bcm)\u4e3a\u745e\u58ebRoche\u516c\u53f8\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74<\/span>\u4ee3\u7814\u5236\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u5934\u5b62\u83cc\u7d20\uff0c\u4e3a\u7ed3\u6676\u6027\u7c89\u672b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5176\u901a\u8fc7\u65e0\u83cc\u5206\u88c5\u5de5\u827a\u751f\u4ea7\u6ce8\u5c04\u7528\u5934\u5b62\u66f2\u677e\u94a0\uff0c\u5373\u5236\u5242\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3b\u8981\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u539f\u6599\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1991\u5e74\u5934\u5b62\u66f2\u677e\u94a0\u53ca\u5236\u5242\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u4eff\u5236\u6210\u529f\u3002\u56fd\u5185\u4e34\u5e8a\u66fe\u53cd\u6620\u56fd\u4ea7\u6ce8\u5c04\u7528\u5934\u5b62\u66f2\u677e\u94a0\u8f83\u539f\u7814\u836f\u54c1\u8d77\u6548\u7ea6\u616230~40min\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

 2018\u5e74\u30012019\u5e74\u548c2011\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u98df\u54c1\u836f\u54c1\u68c0\u5b9a\u7814\u7a76\u9662(\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b80\u79f0\u4e2d\u68c0\u9662)\u5bf9\u8be5\u54c1\u79cd\u66fe\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8fc73\u6b21\u56fd\u5bb6\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6027\u62bd\u9a8c\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u56fd\u4ea7\u5934\u5b62\u66f2\u677e\u94a0\u7684\u7a81\u51fa\u8d28\u91cf\u95ee\u9898\u4e3a\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u6f84\u6e05\u5ea6\u5dee\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u636e\u6587\u732e\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u56fd\u4ea7\u5934\u5b62\u66f2\u677e\u94a0\u7684\u6eb6\u6db2\u6f84\u6e05\u5ea6[14-15]\uff0c\u6709\u5173\u7269\u8d28[15]\uff0c\u6210\u76d0\u7387[5]\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u4e0e\u539f\u7814\u7f57\u6c0f\u82ac\u5747\u5b58\u5728\u5dee\u5f02, \u6210\u76d0\u7387\u504f\u4f4e\u53ef\u5bfc\u81f4\u5934\u5b62\u66f2\u677e\u94a0\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u8840\u6e05\u767d\u86cb\u767d\u7ed3\u5408\u7387\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u7ed9\u836f\u521d\u671f\u8840\u6d46\u4e2d\u7684\u6e38\u79bb\u836f\u7269\u6d53\u5ea6\u504f\u4f4e\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u836f\u54c1\u7684\u8d77\u6548\u901f\u7387[5]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5934\u5b62\u66f2\u677e\u94a0\u5206\u5b50\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u94a0\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c3.5\u4e2a\u6c34\u5206\u5b50(\u56fe2a)\uff0c\u6e7f\u54c1\u4e2d\u5934\u5b62\u66f2\u677e\u542b\u91cf\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u503c\u4e3a83.5%\uff0c\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u503c\u4e3a9.52%\uff1b\u6309\u65e0\u6c34\u7269\u8ba1\uff0c\u5934\u5b62\u66f2\u677e\u94a0\u4e2d\u5934\u5b62\u66f2\u677e\u542b\u91cf\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u503c\u4e3a95.7%\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5934\u5b62\u66f2\u677e\u94a0\u7ed3\u6676\u5de5\u827a\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u53ef\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ea7\u54c1\u6210\u76d0\u7387\u504f\u4f4e[16]\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u4f7f\u5176\u4e0e\u8840\u6d46\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u7387\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u7ed9\u836f\u521d\u671f\u7684\u6e38\u79bb\u836f\u7269\u6d53\u5ea6\u504f\u4f4e\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8d77\u6548\u6162\u3002\u91c7\u7528\u7c89\u672bX\u5c04\u7ebf\u884d\u5c04\u6280\u672f\u7ed3\u5408\u805a\u7c7b\u5206\u6790\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u859b\u6676\u7b49[17]\u5c06\u5934\u5b62\u66f2\u677e\u94a0\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u7279\u5f81\u5206\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e9a\u578b\uff0c\u539f\u7814\u7f57\u6c0f\u82ac\u6837\u54c1\u5c5e\u7b2c\u2161\u4e9a\u578b\uff1b\u901a\u8fc7\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0d\u540c\u4e9a\u578b\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u6210\u76d0\u7387\u3001\u6c34\u5206\u7b49\u4e0e\u7ed3\u6676\u5de5\u827a\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6307\u6807, \u5e76\u6bd4\u8f83\u52a0\u901f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u4e9a\u578b\u6837\u54c1\u6676\u683c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u548c\u4e0e\u836f\u7528\u4e01\u57fa\u80f6\u585e\u76f8\u5bb9\u6027\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u8bc1\u660e\u63d0\u9ad8\u56fd\u4ea7\u5934\u5b62\u66f2\u677e\u94a0\u4ea7\u54c1\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5e94\u4ece\u63a7\u5236\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u7ed3\u6676\u5de5\u827a\u5165\u624b\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7ec8\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e3a\u7b2c\u2161\u4e9a\u578b\u7684\u6837\u54c1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u3010\u6536\u85cf\u3011\u5bf9\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u6ce8\u5c04\u5242\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8bc4\u4ef7\/\u518d\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7684\u601d\u8003\"<\/p>\n

\"\u3010\u6536\u85cf\u3011\u5bf9\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u6ce8\u5c04\u5242\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8bc4\u4ef7\/\u518d\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7684\u601d\u8003\"<\/p>\n

\u5bf92009\u5e74\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6027\u62bd\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790(\u56fe2b\u3001\u56fe2c)\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u867d\u7136\u5168\u90e8\u4ea7\u54c1\u5747\u7b26\u5408\u4e2d\u56fd\u836f\u5178\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u540c\u4f01\u4e1a\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u5934\u5b62\u66f2\u677e\u6e7f\u54c1\u542b\u91cf\u548c\u6c34\u5206\u542b\u91cf\u5dee\u5f02\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u4e14\u90e8\u5206\u4f01\u4e1a\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6279\u95f4\u5dee\u5f02\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u63d0\u793a\u4f01\u4e1a\u5bf9\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u5de5\u827a\u63a7\u5236\u80fd\u529b\u8f83\u5dee\uff1b\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5206\u6790\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u56fd\u4ea7\u5236\u5242\u7684\u6c34\u5206\u542b\u91cf\u660e\u663e\u4f4e\u4e8e\u7406\u8bba\u503c(9.52%)\uff0c\u4e14\u591a\u6570\u4f4e\u4e8e\u7f57\u6c0f\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1(9.1%)\uff0c\u63d0\u793a\u90e8\u5206\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e2d\u7ed3\u6676\u6c34\u4e0d\u8db3\uff1b\u6e7f\u54c1\u4e2d\u5934\u5b62\u66f2\u677e\u7684\u542b\u91cf\u504f\u9ad8\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u9ad8\u4e8e\u7406\u8bba\u503c(83.5%)\uff0c\u63d0\u793a\u90e8\u5206\u4ea7\u54c1\u5b58\u5728\u6210\u76d0\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u73b0\u8c61\uff1b\u800c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5dee\u5f02\u53c8\u5747\u4e0e\u5934\u5b62\u66f2\u677e\u94a0\u7684\u7ed3\u6676\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6709\u5173(\u672a\u53d1\u8868\u8d44\u6599)\u3002\u5373\u63d0\u793a\u5934\u5b62\u66f2\u677e\u94a0\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u7279\u5f81\u662f\u5173\u952e\u8d28\u91cf\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5bf9\u539f\u6599\u7ed3\u6676\u5de5\u827a\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u662f\u5173\u952e\u8d28\u63a7\u70b9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5728\u5bf9\u6ce8\u5c04\u7528\u5934\u5b62\u66f2\u677e\u94a0\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8bc4\u4ef7\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u4ee5\u539f\u6599\u7684\u7ed3\u6676\u5de5\u827a\u53ca\u5de5\u827a\u63a7\u5236\u4e3a\u5207\u5165\u70b9\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u8bc1\u660e\u7ed3\u6676\u5de5\u827a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u7279\u5f81\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7b2c\u2161\u4e9a\u578b\uff0c\u518d\u4ee5\u4ea7\u54c1\u6e7f\u54c1\u7684\u5934\u5b62\u66f2\u677e\u542b\u91cf\u548c\u6c34\u5206\u542b\u91cf\u4e3a\u6307\u6807\u5bf9\u5de5\u827a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u6279\u95f4\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n


<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n

3<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
\n

 \u6ce8\u5c04\u5242\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8bc4\u4ef7\/\u518d\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4e4b\u4e00\u822c\u7b56\u7565<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n

\u8d28\u91cf\u6e90\u4e8e\u8bbe\u8ba1(QbD)\u7406\u5ff5\u5728\u836f\u54c1\u7814\u53d1\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u76d1\u7ba1\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u666e\u904d\u63a5\u53d7\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u901a\u5e38\u76ee\u6807\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8d28\u91cf\u5c5e\u6027(CQAs)\u8fdb\u884c\u8868\u5f81[18-19]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u4eff\u5236\u836f\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e94\u9996\u5148\u5bf9\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u7684CQAs\u6709\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u786e\u5b9a\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u539f\u8f85\u6599\u5c5e\u6027(CMAs)\u548c\u5173\u952e\u5de5\u827a\u53c2\u6570(CPPs)\uff0c\u5efa\u7acbCMAs \u3001CPPs\u548c\u4ea7\u54c1CQAs\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63ed\u793a\u4eff\u5236\u836f\u4e0e\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8d28\u91cf\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u5bf9\u4eff\u5236\u836f\u7684\u5904\u65b9\u3001\u5de5\u827a\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff1b\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u4eff\u5236\u836fCMAs\u548cCPPs\u7684\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u4ea7\u54c1CQAs\u7684\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4eff\u5236\u836f\u4e0e\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u786e\u8ba4\u4eff\u5236\u836f\u4e0e\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u7684CQAs\u57fa\u672c\u4e00\u81f4\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u836f\u5b66\u6307\u6807\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u624d\u6709\u610f\u4e49(\u56fe3)\u3002\u53d1\u73b0\u836f\u54c1\u5173\u952e\u8d28\u91cf\u5c5e\u6027\u5e76\u4e0e\u751f\u4ea7\u5de5\u827a\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u3010\u6536\u85cf\u3011\u5bf9\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u6ce8\u5c04\u5242\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8bc4\u4ef7\/\u518d\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7684\u601d\u8003\"<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n

3.1 \u5229\u4e8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6027\u62bd\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u5408\u6587\u732e\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790<\/span><\/strong>
<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n

2015\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u68c0\u9662\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u4ece2008\u5e74\u8d77\u5386\u5e74\u56fd\u5bb6\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6027\u62bd\u9a8c\u6d89\u53ca\u768415\u4e2a\u6ce8\u5c04\u7528\u5934\u5b62\u83cc\u7d20\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u56de\u987e\u6027\u5206\u6790[20]\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u6ce8\u5c04\u7528\u5934\u5b62\u83cc\u7d20\u7684\u7a81\u51fa\u8d28\u91cf\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u201c\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u6f84\u6e05\u5ea6\u4e0e\u989c\u8272\u201d\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf92008~2013\u5e74\u56fd\u5bb6\u836f\u54c1\u4e0d\u826f\u53cd\u5e94\u76d1\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u68c0\u7d22\uff0c\u5c06\u6ce8\u5c04\u7528\u5934\u5b62\u83cc\u7d20\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4e0d\u826f\u53cd\u5e94(ADR)\u62a5\u544a\u4e0e\u5e02\u573a\u62bd\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u76f8\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u6ce8\u5c04\u7528\u5934\u5b62\u66f2\u677e\u94a0\u548c\u6ce8\u5c04\u7528\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u4e0d\u826f\u53cd\u5e94\u6bd4\u7387\u57282011\u5e74\u540e\u5448\u4e0b\u964d\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e8c\u8005\u57282010\u5e74\u540e\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u6f84\u6e05\u5ea6\u95ee\u9898\u660e\u663e\u597d\u8f6c\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u5c06\u201c\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u6f84\u6e05\u5ea6\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u8d28\u91cf\u5c5e\u6027(CQAs)\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u5934\u5b62\u83cc\u7d20\u539f\u6599\u4e0e\u80f6\u585e\u7684\u76f8\u5bb9\u6027\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u6ce8\u5c04\u5242\u7684\u6f84\u6e05\u5ea6\uff1b\u4f7f\u7528\u9540\u819c\/\u8986\u819c\u80f6\u585e\u6216\u9009\u7528\u8d28\u91cf\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u5934\u5b62\u83cc\u7d20\u539f\u6599\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u963b\u65ad\u80f6\u585e\u6325\u53d1\u7269\u4e0e\u5934\u5b62\u83cc\u7d20\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u5934\u5b62\u83cc\u7d20\u4e0e\u80f6\u585e\u7684\u76f8\u5bb9\u6027\uff1b\u800c\u5934\u5b62\u83cc\u7d20\u539f\u6599\u7684\u7ed3\u6676\u5de5\u827a\u662f\u5f71\u54cd\u539f\u6599\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5de5\u827a\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u5173\u952e\u5de5\u827a\u53c2\u6570(CPPs)\u662f\u83b7\u5f97\u7406\u60f3\u5934\u5b62\u83cc\u7d20\u539f\u6599\u7684\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u56fd\u4ea7\u4eff\u5236\u836f\u4e0e\u539f\u7814\u836f\u54c1\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u5934\u5b62\u83cc\u7d20\u6676\u578b\u3001\u5de5\u827a\u4e0e\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u63ed\u793a\uff0c\u5934\u5b62\u83cc\u7d20\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u6676\u578b\u7684\u6676\u4f53\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u6216\u6eb6\u5242\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u5f62\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u6216\u6eb6\u5242\u5316\u7269\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6676\u4f53(\u6676\u578b\/\u6c34\u5408\u7269)\u7684\u56fa\u4f53\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u4e0d\u540c[21-25]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5982\u5934\u5b62\u54cc\u916e\u94a0\u5177\u6709A\u3001B\u4e24\u79cd\u6676\u578b\uff0cA\u6676\u578b\u4e3a\u4e09\u659c\u6676\u7cfb\uff0cB\u6676\u578b\u4e3a\u5355\u659c\u6676\u7cfb\uff1bA\u6676\u578b\u8f83B\u6676\u578b\u66f4\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002\u6839\u636e\u7c89\u672bX-\u884d\u5c04\u56fe\u8c31\u7279\u5f81\u884d\u5c04\u5cf0(\u5cf0\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3001\u5cf0\u5f3a\u5ea6)\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0cA\u6676\u578b\u6837\u54c1\u53c8\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u4e9a\u6676\u578b\uff0c\u4e9a\u6676\u578b\u2160\u548c\u4e9a\u6676\u578bII\u5728\u52a0\u901f\u8bd5\u9a8c\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u539f\u7814\u836f\u54c1\u201c\u5148\u950b\u5fc5\u201d\u548c\u201c\u8212\u666e\u6df1\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u5934\u5b62\u54cc\u916e\u94a0\u5373\u4e3a\u6b64\u4e9a\u6676\u578b[23]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5934\u5b62\u7c73\u8bfa\u94a0\u6676\u4f53\u542b\u67097\u4e2a\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5355\u6676X-\u884d\u5c04\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u7406\u60f3\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u6bcf\u4e00\u6676\u683c\u4e2d\u542b3\u4e2a\u6e38\u79bb\u6001\u7684\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u548c4\u4e2a\u901a\u8fc7\u6c22\u952e\u4e0e\u5934\u5b62\u7c73\u8bfa\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\uff1b\u4f46\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u5728\u6676\u683c\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u591a\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ed3\u6676\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u53ef\u5f62\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e9a\u6676\u578b\uff0c\u5728\u7c89\u672bX-\u884d\u5c04\u56fe\u8c31\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u7ec6\u5fae\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff1b\u4e0d\u540c\u4e9a\u6676\u578b\u7684\u5934\u5b62\u7c73\u8bfa\u94a0\u6837\u54c1\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027[25]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u5934\u5b62\u4ed6\u5576\u542b\u67095\u5206\u5b50\u7ed3\u6676\u6c34\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u5de5\u827a\u7684\u5934\u5b62\u4ed6\u5576\u4ea7\u54c1\u5728TGA\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5931\u6c34\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u63d0\u793a\u5176\u6676\u4f53\u4e2d\u7ed3\u6676\u6c34\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u72b6\u6001\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5dee\u5f02\u4f7f\u5176\u5728\u52a0\u901f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8272\u6cfd\u53d8\u5316\u901f\u7387\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff1b\u800c\u6ce8\u5c04\u7528\u5934\u5b62\u567b\u809f\u94a0\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6676\u5ea6\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u662f\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u56e0\u7d20(\u672a\u53d1\u8868\u8d44\u6599)\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7ed3\u679c\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u5229\u7528\u56fd\u5bb6\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6027\u62bd\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u662f\u53d1\u73b0\u56fd\u4ea7\u5236\u5242\u4e0e\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u8d28\u91cf\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u6709\u6548\u9014\u5f84\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
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\n

3.2 \u6839\u636e\u6742\u8d28\u8c31\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
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\n

2009\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u68c0\u9662\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6027\u62bd\u9a8c\u4e2d\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u6210\u76d0\u5de5\u827a\u7684\u56fd\u4ea7\u6ce8\u5c04\u7528\u963f\u5947\u9709\u7d20\u7684\u6742\u8d28\u8c31\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8003\u5bdf\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6742\u8d28\u6709\u963f\u5947\u9709\u7d20-N-\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u30013′-\u53bb\u514b\u62c9\u5b9a\u7cd6\u963f\u5947\u9709\u7d20\u3001\u6c2e\u7ea2\u9709\u7d20\u548c\u963f\u5947\u9709\u7d20B\uff1b\u6c2e\u7ea2\u9709\u7d20\u548c\u963f\u5947\u9709\u7d20B\u4e3a\u5de5\u827a\u6742\u8d28\uff1b\u963f\u5947\u9709\u7d20-N-\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u548c3′-\u53bb\u514b\u62c9\u5b9a\u7cd6\u963f\u5947\u9709\u7d20\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u963f\u5947\u9709\u7d20\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u548c\u9178\u964d\u89e3\u6742\u8d28\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d3′-\u53bb\u514b\u62c9\u5b9a\u7cd6\u963f\u5947\u9709\u7d20\u4e3b\u8981\u5728\u6210\u76d0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u6210\u76d0\u5242\u7684\u79cd\u7c7b\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u63d0\u793a\u6ce8\u5c04\u7528\u963f\u5947\u9709\u7d20\u7684\u6210\u76d0\u5de5\u827a\u662f\u5173\u952e\u751f\u4ea7\u5de5\u827a\uff1b\u4ee53′-<\/span>\u53bb\u514b\u62c9\u5b9a\u7cd6\u963f\u5947\u9709\u7d20\u4e3a\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4ee5\u67e0\u6aac\u9178(\u539f\u7814\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e2d\u7684\u6210\u76d0\u5242)\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u5f31\u9178\u662f\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u6210\u76d0\u5242\uff0c\u800c\u76d0\u9178\u7b49\u5f3a\u9178\u4e0d\u6613\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6ce8\u5c04\u7528\u963f\u5947\u9709\u7d20\u7684\u6210\u76d0\u5242[26]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2014\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u68c0\u9662\u5728\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6027\u62bd\u9a8c\u4e2d\u5bf9\u963f\u83ab\u897f\u6797\u514b\u62c9\u7ef4\u9178\u94be\u7247\u5242\u7684\u6742\u8d28\u8c31\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u572817\u4e2a\u5382\u5bb6\u7684152\u6279\u6837\u54c1\u4e2d\u5171\u53d1\u73b0\u670913\u4e2a\u6742\u8d28\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u963f\u83ab\u897f\u6797\u95ed\u73af\u4e8c\u805a\u4f53\u548c\u963f\u83ab\u897f\u6797\u567b\u5511\u9178\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5f71\u54cd\u8be5\u54c1\u79cd\u5173\u952e\u8d28\u91cf\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u6742\u8d28\uff1b\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u5176\u6765\u6e90\u548c\u964d\u89e3\u9014\u5f84\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u751f\u4ea7\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5de5\u827a\u4e3a\u5236\u7c92\u5de5\u827a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5e72\u71e5\u53c2\u6570\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u5de5\u827a\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5904\u65b9\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027\u4e5f\u662f\u5f71\u54cd\u6837\u54c1\u6742\u8d28\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20[27]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

2017\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u68c0\u9662\u5728\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6027\u62bd\u9a8c\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5934\u5b62\u62c9\u5b9a\u9897\u7c92\u5242\u7684\u6742\u8d28\u8c31\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4f9d\u636e\u8d28\u91cf\u6e90\u4e8e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u63a2\u5bfb\u5176\u5173\u952e\u8d28\u91cf\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u5173\u952e\u5de5\u827a\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u5934\u5b62\u62c9\u5b9a\u9897\u7c92\u5242\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u6742\u8d28\u8c31\u4e2d\u670927\u4e2a\u6742\u8d28\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d10\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u6742\u8d28\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e86\u786e\u8ba4\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5408\u683c\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6742\u8d28\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9632\u6b62\u5934\u5b62\u62c9\u5b9a\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u662f\u5173\u952e\u5de5\u827a\u63a7\u5236\u70b9\uff0c\u7c92\u5236\u5242\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5236\u7c92\u524d\u6e29\u6e7f\u5ea6\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u662f\u5de5\u827a\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u5173\u952e[28]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
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3.3 \u5229\u4e8e\u591a\u53d8\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
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\n

\u5bf9\u67d0\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u751f\u4ea7\u7684215\u6279\u4e94\u6c34\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0\u539f\u6599\u768428\u9879\u8d28\u68c0\u9879\u76ee\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u6bd4\u65cb\u5ea6\u3001\u5438\u6536\u7cfb\u6570\u3001pH\u503c\u3001\u6c34\u5206\u3001\u6709\u5173\u7269\u8d28(\u6742\u8d28A\u3001\u6742\u8d28B\u3001\u6742\u8d28C\u3001\u6742\u8d28F\u3001\u6742\u8d28G\u3001\u6742\u8d28H\u3001\u6742\u8d28I\u3001\u6742\u8d28J\u3001\u6742\u8d28K\u3001\u6742\u8d28L\u3001\u6742\u8d28M\u3001\u6742\u8d28N\u3001\u5355\u4e2a\u672a\u77e5\u6742\u8d28\u3001\u603b\u6742\u8d28)\u3001\u805a\u5408\u7269\u3001\u6b8b\u7559\u6eb6\u5242(N,N-\u4e8c\u7532\u57fa\u4e59\u9170\u80fa\u3001\u4e19\u916e\u3001\u5f02\u4e19\u9187\u3001\u4e8c\u6c2f\u7532\u70f7)\u3001\u4e0d\u6eb6\u6027\u5fae\u7c92(\u226510\u03bcm\u4e0d\u6eb6\u6027\u5fae\u7c92\u3001\u226525\u03bcm\u4e0d\u6eb6\u6027\u5fae\u7c92)\u3001\u677e\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3001\u7d27\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3001\u542b\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u4ea7\u54c1\u5747\u7b26\u5408\u836f\u54c1\u8d28\u91cf\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5c06\u68c0\u9a8c\u6570\u503c(\u8d28\u91cf\u5c5e\u6027)\u7ecfZ-score\u6cd5\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u5904\u7406\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u5229\u7528one-way ANOVA\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u53d1\u73b010\u9879\u6307\u6807(\u6bd4\u65cb\u5ea6\u3001\u6c34\u5206\u3001\u6742\u8d28H\u3001\u6742\u8d28I\u3001\u6742\u8d28M\u3001\u6742\u8d28N\u3001\u603b\u6742\u3001\u4e19\u916e\u3001\u226525\u03bcm\u4e0d\u6eb6\u6027\u5fae\u7c92\u3001\u7d27\u5bc6\u5ea6)\u53d7\u6279\u6b21\u53d8\u5316(\u7c7b\u522b)\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u663e\u8457(P\u503c<0.01)\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5f71\u54cd\u4ea7\u54c1\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8d28\u91cf\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u4e94\u6c34\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0\u751f\u4ea7\u5de5\u827a\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff010\u9879\u6307\u6807\u5206\u522b\u4e0e\u7ed3\u6676\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3001\u5e72\u71e5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548cGMP\u5382\u623f\u7684\u6d01\u51c0\u5ea6\u63a7\u5236\u73af\u8282\u76f8\u5173\u8054\uff1a\u7ed3\u6676\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u9002\u6e29\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u3001\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u5747\u53ef\u5f71\u54cd\u5404\u79cd\u5de5\u827a\u6742\u8d28(\u6742\u8d28H\u3001\u6742\u8d28I\u3001\u6742\u8d28M\u548c\u6742\u8d28N)\u5728\u6210\u54c1\u4e2d\u7684\u542b\u91cf\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6bd4\u65cb\u5ea6\u3001\u603b\u6742\u8d28\u542b\u91cf\u7b49\u8d28\u91cf\u5c5e\u6027\uff1b\u7ed3\u6676\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6709\u673a\u6eb6\u5242\u7684\u6dfb\u52a0\u901f\u7387\u548c\u6e29\u5ea6\u7b49\u53ef\u5f71\u54cd\u6676\u4f53\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u6210\u54c1\u7684\u7d27\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7b49\u8d28\u91cf\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5373\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u768410\u9879\u6307\u6807\u4e2d\uff0c7\u9879(\u6bd4\u65cb\u5ea6\u3001\u6742\u8d28H\u3001\u6742\u8d28I\u3001\u6742\u8d28M\u3001\u6742\u8d28N\u3001\u603b\u6742\u8d28\u3001\u7d27\u5bc6\u5ea6)\u4e0e\u7ed3\u6676\u5de5\u827a\u606f\u606f\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u4ea7\u54c1\u95f4\u4e19\u916e\u548c\u6c34\u5206\u542b\u91cf\u7684\u53d8\u5f02\u4e0e\u5e72\u71e5\u5de5\u827a\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u226525\u03bcm\u4e0d\u6eb6\u6027\u5fae\u7c92\u7684\u6570\u76ee\u53ef\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a<\/span>\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53cd\u6620\u5382\u623f\u7684\u6d01\u51c0\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u7ed3\u6676\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u5e72\u71e5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u4e94\u6c34\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0\u539f\u6599\u836f\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5de5\u827a\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5229\u7528\u8fd910\u9879\u6307\u6807\u901a\u8fc7\u805a\u7c7b\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4ea7\u54c1\u53ef\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7c7b\uff1b\u9010\u4e00\u5206\u6790\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u6807\u5bf9\u4ea7\u54c1\u805a\u7c7b\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u6bd4\u65cb\u5ea6\u53ef\u6709\u6548\u5730\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u4e94\u6c34\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0\u539f\u6599\u7ed3\u6676\u5de5\u827a\u7684\u53d8\u5f02\uff1b\u6c34\u5206\u6216\u4e19\u916e\u7684\u542b\u91cf\u53ef\u53cd\u6620\u5e72\u71e5\u5de5\u827a\u5bf9\u4e94\u6c34\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0\u7ec8\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5373\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u4ea7\u54c1\u8d28\u91cf\u768410\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u8d28\u91cf\u5c5e\u6027\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u65cb\u5ea6\u3001\u6c34\u5206\/\u4e19\u916e\u53ef\u7528\u6765\u8868\u5f81\u4e94\u6c34\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7684\u6700\u6709\u6548\u6307\u9488(\u672a\u53d1\u8868\u8d44\u6599)\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n


<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n

4<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
\n

 \u6297\u751f\u7d20\u6ce8\u5c04\u5242\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u7684\u9009\u62e9<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n

\u4eff\u5236\u836f\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8bc4\u4ef7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u5b9e\u7269\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8d28\u91cf\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4eff\u5236\u836f\u54c1\u4e0e\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u5728\u4e34\u5e8a\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u4e0e\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u4eff\u5236\u836f\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8bc4\u4ef7\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u672c\u6587\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf93\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u6ce8\u5c04\u5242\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u70b9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n

4.1 \u5173\u6ce8\u539f\u7814\u4ea7\u54c1\u5904\u65b9\u5de5\u827a\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n

\u6ce8\u5c04\u7528\u5934\u5b62\u5b5f\u591a\u916f\u94a0\u7684\u539f\u7814\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e3a\u5934\u5b62\u5b5f\u591a\u916f\u94a0\u4e0e5%\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\u7684\u6df7\u7c89\uff0c1978\u5e74\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u793c\u6765\u516c\u53f8\u7814\u53d1\u4e0a\u5e02\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8d2e\u5b58\u4e2d\u6ce8\u5c04\u7528\u5934\u5b62\u5b5f\u591a\u916f\u94a0\u6613\u6c34\u89e3\u4ea7\u751f\u5934\u5b62\u5b5f\u591a\uff0c\u6eb6\u89e3\u65f6\u5f15\u8d77\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684pH\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6eb6\u6db2\u53d8\u6d51\u6d4a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\u6216\u6c28\u57fa\u4e01\u4e09\u9187\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u5584\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u6d51\u6d4a[12]\u3002\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u542b5%\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\u7684\u6ce8\u5c04\u7528\u5934\u5b62\u5b5f\u591a\u916f\u94a0\u7684\u6eb6\u6db2\u6f84\u6e05\u5ea6\u7684\u4e0d\u5408\u683c\u7387\u660e\u663e\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u5176\u603b\u4e0d\u826f\u53cd\u5e94\u4f8b\u6570\u4e5f\u8fdc\u4f4e\u4e8e\u4e0d\u542b\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\u7684\u6ce8\u5c04\u7528\u5934\u5b62\u5b5f\u591a\u916f\u94a0[13]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u63d0\u793a\u542b5%\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\u7684\u6df7\u7c89\u4ea7\u54c1\u66f4\u5408\u7406\uff0c\u5373\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u5e94\u9009\u62e9\u539f\u7814\u5904\u65b9\u7684\u6ce8\u5c04\u7528\u5934\u5b62\u5b5f\u591a\u916f\u94a0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n

4.2 \u5173\u6ce8\u5236\u836f\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n

\u6ce8\u5c04\u7528\u5934\u5b62\u5339\u80fa\u94a0\u539f\u7814\u4ea7\u54c1\u7cfb1985\u5e74\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u4e0a\u5e02\u7684\u7531\u65e5\u672c\u4f4f\u53cb\u5236\u836f\u516c\u53f8\u4e0e\u5c71\u4e4b\u5185\u5236\u836f\u516c\u53f8\u8054\u5408\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53\u65f6\u6ca1\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u9002\u5b9c\u7684\u6210\u76d0\u5242\u4e0e\u5934\u5b62\u5339\u80fa\u6210\u76d0\uff0c\u5e76\u83b7\u5f97\u5934\u5b62\u5339\u80fa\u94a0\u7ed3\u6676\uff0c\u6545\u9009\u7528\u6210\u76d0\u540e\u76f4\u63a5\u51bb\u5e72\u5de5\u827a\u751f\u4ea7\uff1b\u7531\u4e8e\u82ef\u7532\u9178\u94a0\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6210\u76d0\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u76f8\u8f6c\u79fb\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e2d\u53bb\u9664\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7ec8\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e3a\u5934\u5b62\u5339\u80fa\u94a0\u4e0e\u4e00\u5b9a\u91cf\u7684\u82ef\u7532\u9178\u94a0\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bfb\u627e\u5230\u9002\u5b9c\u6210\u76d0\u5242\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u5934\u5b62\u5339\u80fa\u94a0\u6676\u4f53\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6eb6\u5a92\u7ed3\u6676\u5de5\u827a\u6210\u4e3a\u751f\u4ea7\u5934\u5b62\u5339\u80fa\u94a0\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u5de5\u827a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6eb6\u5a92\u7ed3\u6676\u5de5\u827a\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u51bb\u5e72\u5de5\u827a\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u6742\u8d28\u542b\u91cf\u504f\u9ad8\u4e14\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u8f83\u5dee\uff0c\u4e14\u7531\u4e8e\u542b\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u91cf\u7684\u82ef\u7532\u9178\u94a0\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9759\u8109\u7ed9\u836f\u7684\u6ce8\u5c04\u5242\u4f7f\u5176\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd110\u5e74\u7684\u4e0d\u826f\u53cd\u5e94\u76d1\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u63ed\u793a\uff0c\u6eb6\u5a92\u7ed3\u6676\u5de5\u827a\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u603b\u4e0d\u826f\u53cd\u5e94\u4f8b\u6570\u8fdc\u4f4e\u4e8e\u51bb\u5e72\u5de5\u827a\u4ea7\u54c1[29]\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u5e94\u9009\u62e9\u6eb6\u5a92\u7ed3\u6676\u5de5\u827a\u7684\u6ce8\u5c04\u7528\u5934\u5b62\u5339\u80fa\u94a0\uff0c\u4ee5\u4ee3\u8868\u5f53\u524d\u5236\u836f\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n

4.3 \u5173\u6ce8\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n

\u6ce8\u5c04\u7528\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0\u7531\u65e5\u672c\u85e4\u6cfd\u836f\u54c1\u682a\u5f0f\u4f1a\u793e\u4e8e1971\u5e74\u5f00\u53d1\u4e0a\u5e02\u3002\u4e3a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u539f\u7814\u6700\u521d\u91c7\u7528\u7ed3\u6676\u8131\u6c34\u5de5\u827a\u751f\u4ea7\uff1a\u5373\u9996\u5148\u7ed3\u6676\u5148\u5f97\u5230\u03b1-\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0\uff0c\u518d\u51cf\u538b\u8131\u6c34\u5f97\u5230\u8131\u6c34\u7ed3\u6676\u6027\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002\u7ed3\u6676\u8131\u6c34\u5de5\u827a\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u6210\u672c\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e3a\u964d\u4f4e\u751f\u4ea7\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u4eff\u5236\u836f\u591a\u91c7\u7528\u51b7\u51bb\u5e72\u71e5\u6cd5\u751f\u4ea7\u65e0\u5b9a\u578b\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u65e0\u5b9a\u578b\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0\u4e0e\u80f6\u585e\u7684\u76f8\u5bb9\u6027\u8f83\u5dee\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8d2e\u5b58\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6f84\u6e05\u5ea6\u6781\u6613\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u4e2d\u56fd\u836f\u5178\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a[30]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u5bf9\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7279\u6027\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5b8c\u5584\u7ed3\u6676\u5de5\u827a\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u8d2e\u8fd0\u6761\u4ef6\u7b49\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0\u6c34\u5408\u7269(\u03b1-\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0\u3001\u4e94\u6c34\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0)\u4ea7\u54c1\u5206\u522b\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u548c\u56fd\u5185\u4e0a\u5e02\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u6210\u672c\u4e0a\u660e\u663e\u4f4e\u4e8e\u7ed3\u6676\u8131\u6c34\u5de5\u827a\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u5176\u5236\u5242\u5728\u6742\u8d28\u542b\u91cf\u3001\u4e0e\u80f6\u585e\u7684\u76f8\u5bb9\u6027\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u5747\u4f18\u4e8e\u51bb\u5e72\u6cd5\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u65e0\u5b9a\u578b\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0\u4ea7\u54c1\uff1b\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u4e0d\u826f\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u53d1\u751f<\/span>\u7387\u4e5f\u660e\u663e\u8f83\u65e0\u5b9a\u578b\u4ea7\u54c1\u4f4e[20]\uff1b\u76ee\u524d\u539f\u7814\u4f01\u4e1a\u5df2\u7ecf\u653e\u5f03\u7ed3\u6676\u8131\u6c34\u5de5\u827a\u751f\u4ea7\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0\uff0c\u800c\u76f4\u63a5\u751f\u4ea7\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0\u6c34\u5408\u7269(\u03b1-\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0)\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f46\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u4ec5\u9002\u5408\u91c7\u7528\u73bb\u7483\u74f6\u5305\u88c5\u3002\u5bf9\u4ee5\u5851\u6599\u819c\u4e3a\u5305\u6750\u5982\u53cc\u5ba4\u888b\u7b49\u7684\u65b0\u578b\u5236\u5242\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5305\u6750\u7684\u6c14\u5bc6\u6027\u8f83\u73bb\u7483\u74f6\u5dee\uff0c\u8f83\u96be\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8d2e\u8fd0\u671f\u95f4\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7684\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u4e0d\u4ece\u6676\u683c\u4e2d\u9038\u51fa\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8be5\u7c7b\u5236\u5242\u4ecd\u9700\u4ee5\u51b7\u51bb\u5e72\u71e5\u6cd5\u7684\u65e0\u5b9a\u578b\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0\u4e3a\u539f\u6599\u8fdb\u884c\u751f\u4ea7\u3002\u5373\u7ed3\u6676\u5de5\u827a\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u4e0e\u51b7\u51bb\u5e72\u71e5\u6cd5\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u65e0\u5b9a\u578b\u5934\u5b62\u5511\u6797\u94a0\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5236\u5242\u7c7b\u578b\u5747\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u6b64\u7c7b\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5236\u5242\u7c7b\u578b\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u503c\u5f97\u601d\u8003\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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5<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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 \u7ed3\u8bba<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u5bf9\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u6ce8\u5c04\u5242\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8bc4\u4ef7\u5e94\u5728\u5bf9\u4eff\u5236\u836f\u4e0e\u539f\u7814\u836f\u54c1\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3001\u6709\u6548\u6027\u4e0e\u751f\u4ea7\u4e00\u81f4\u6027(manufacturing consistency)\u603b\u4f53\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u4ea7\u54c1\u5904\u65b9\u3001\u5de5\u827a\u3001\u8d28\u63a7\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e0e\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u7597\u6548\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u4e2d\u68c0\u9662\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6027\u62bd\u9a8c\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u79ef\u7d2f\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u56fd\u4ea7\u4eff\u5236\u836f\u8d28\u91cf\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8bc4\u4ef7\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5f00\u5c55\u3002\u9002\u5b9c\u7684\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8bc4\u4ef7\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5e94\u4ee5\u4e34\u5e8a\u6307\u6807(\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u6709\u6548)\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5904\u65b9\u3001\u5de5\u827a\u5408\u7406\u3001\u4ee3\u8868\u836f\u54c1\u751f\u4ea7\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u4ea7\u54c1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6bd4\u5236\u5242\uff0c\u4e14\u5e94\u8003\u8651\u4e0d\u540c\u5236\u5242\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u8be6\u89c1\u539f\u6587\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u6742\u5fd7\uff0c2019\u5e743\u6708\u7b2c44\u5377\u7b2c3\u671f\uff1b<\/span>\u672c\u6587\u7531\u5c0f\u7f16\u67e5\u9605\u6587\u732e\u9009\u53d6\uff0c\u6392\u7248\u4e0e\u7f16\u8f91\u4e3a\u539f\u521b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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